12 THE HORSE. 



carded by Linnaeus, Cuvier, and others, and broken 

 up by them in several distinct orders, has been resus- 

 citated of late years, and is now generally used, with 

 almost the same limits as were assigned to it by Ray. 

 The Ungulata in this sense are all animals emi- 

 nently adapted for a terrestrial lif e, and in the main 

 for a^egetable diet. Though a few are more or less 

 omnivorous, and may under some circumstances 

 kill living creatures smaller and weaker than them- 

 selves for food,* none are distinctly and habitually 

 predaceous. Their molar or cheek-teeth have broad 

 crowns, with tuberculated or ridged grinding surfaces, 

 and they have a very completely developed set of milk- 

 teeth, which are not changed until the animals have 

 nearly attained maturity. Their limbs are adapted 

 for carrying the body in ordinary terrestrial progres- 

 sion, and are of very little use for any other purpose, 

 such as flying, climbing, seizing prey, or carrying 

 food to the mouth. They have no clavicles or collar- 

 bones. Their toes are provided with blunt, broad 

 nails, which in the majority of cases more or less 

 surround and inclose their ends, and are called 

 hoofs. Leaving aside certain forms which are not 

 so nearly related to the subject of this memoir as to 

 concern us further and which are nearly all extinct, 

 the majority of the ungulated animals have been 

 * Pigs, for instance, will kill and eat snakes. 



