CHAPTER IV. 



THE STRUCTURE OP THE HORSE (continued). 



THE LIMBS. 



General characters of the limbs of vertebrated animals Com- 

 parison of the skeleton of the fore limb of the horse with 

 that of man Comparison of the skeleton of the hind limb 

 of the horse with that of man The muscles of the limbs 

 The warts or callosities on the external surface of the 

 limbs The ergot or spur The chestnuts, or mallenders 

 and sallenders The hoofs. 



GENERAL CHARACTERS OP THE LEVIES OF VERTE- 

 BRATED ANIMALS. 



THE body of all vertebrated animals consists of 

 a main or axial portion, the " trunk/' terminating 

 anteriorly in the head, and posteriorly usually more 

 or less prolonged into a tail. The skeleton of this 

 part consists of the skull, the vertebral column, and 

 the ribs and sternum or breast-bone. All the organs 

 essential to life are contained in the axial part of the 

 body, and in some animals, as serpents and a few 

 fishes, it is the only part present. In the very large 

 majority of animals, however, there are added append- 



