1887. 



POPULAR GARDENING. 



17 



Mirabilis. Treat the same as Dahlias. 



Planting. All the hardier shade trees, shrubs. 

 etc., may be set to adxantajrc on drained soil 

 in the autumn, if dont.- huforo November 1st. 

 The work may beg-iu as soon lus the leaves show 

 maturity by tlieir color, while such as pei'sist in 

 hanyring' should be stripped off by hand. 



Pomegranates. Treat like Crape Myrtle. 



Tigridias. Treat as ad\ised for Gladiolus. 



Tuberoses. Can be treated as advised for 

 Gladiolus, but must be placed where they can be 

 given an average temperature of 50 degrees. 



Vases and Hanging Baskets. To be emptied 

 of their contents, thoroughly washed and dried, 

 and placed under co\'er. 



Walks. Let them be kept clean, rolled, and 

 with the margins neatly trimmed in autumn. 



Weeds will require attention to the end, for 

 some sorts thrive amazingly in autumn weather. 



PLANT CULTURE UNDER CLASS. 



Ardesia crenulata. To inci-ease the stock, sow 

 the seed as soon as ripened. 



Azaleas shimld now have a cool, airy place, be 

 carefully watered, with perfect drainage. 



Bouvardias For free, early bloom give a tem- 

 perature of from 5.') to 60 degrees. Less heat will 

 make tine tl()wei-s, but later. Syringe freely and 

 with active growth give liquid manure weekly. 



Cacti. With the exception of Epiphyllum 

 truncatum and its varieties, water sparingly, 

 and give a light sunny situation, a temperature 

 of 55 degrees and liquid manure at times. 



Camellias. The foUage to be kept thoroughly 

 washed with daily syringing. There must be no 

 stint of water at the roots. 



Cestrums. When they cease blooming store 

 under the gix'enh(mse, or place in cool, dry cellar. 



Chorozemas and similar hard wooded plants 

 should be placed in a cool part of the house and 

 given water more sparingly. Still when they 

 need water let it be freely applied. 



Chrysantliemums. Do not crowd the plants. 

 Give liquid manure until the first tiowei-s open, 

 none afterwards. Keep the plants cool, and give 

 air freely. Fumigate occasionally. 



Cinerarias and Calceolarias- Repot promptly 

 as needed. About the 15th move from the 

 frames to the coolest part of the greenhouse, 

 but where frost cannot possibly touch them. 

 They need liberal supplies of water, and some 

 liquid manure. Keep near the glass; air freely. 



Climbers, such as Mannettia bicolor, Thunber- 

 gia Harrisii, and the like, to be kept tied up. 

 Use liquid manure for promoting free growth. 



Cyclamen Persicnm now need a light, sunny 

 p<isition close to the glass. 



Diosma Fragrans. Treat as for Chorozemas. 



Ericas- Treat similar to Chorozemas. 



Dapliorbia. Treat as advised for Poinsettias. 



Fuchsias. The bloom over, store the plants 

 under the greenhouse stage, or better still, in a 

 cool, dry cellar. The winter bloomers now to go 

 Into their tlowering pots. A well drained light 

 rich soil and sun are among the essentials. 



Gardenias. Place where they can be given 

 55 degrees of heat. Water sparingly 



Geraniums for winter bloom to have a light, 

 sunny situation, and an average night tempera- 

 ture of from 45 to 55 degrees. 



Heliotropes. Treat as advised for Bouvardias. 



Insects require constant attention to keep 

 them down. Fumigate the houses twice a week 

 for Aphis, and use the syringe freely to keep the 

 Red Spider in subjectitm. Scale and Mealy Bugs 

 must be remo\ed by washing. 



Ixlas, Sparaxis, and similar bulbs may now go 

 into well-drained pots tiUed with turfy loam. 



Jerusalem Cherries. Above all else water 

 freely, f'»r drought causes the berries to droji. 



Lachenalias. Pot now for bloom from Janu- 

 ary to March, treating as advised for Ixias. 



Ozalis. As soon as potted bulbs start into 

 growth, water freely, place in a light sunny sit- 

 uation where an average temperature of 50 de- 

 grees is maintained. Then they will bloom well 

 from December to April. 



Poinsettias. A night temperature of less than 

 CO degrees will not suit them, while some higher 

 will do i\<t harm. Liquid them twice a week. 



Roses. For cut flowers to be syringed daily in 

 bright, sunny weathur. Avoid cr>M draughts of 

 air. For spring blooming lift and j lot about the 

 middle of the month, place in cold trame to pro- 

 tect by s-ashes from extremes of cold and wet. 



Salvias. The old S. splendens, particularly if 

 given a favi^rable situation, free watering, and 

 occasionally liquid manure, will do their thare 1 

 to brighten the plant houses for some time yet. I 



FRUIT GARDEN ANDORCHARD. 



Apples. Winter Apples should be left on the 

 trees initil freezing weather is expected, then 

 hand pick carefully and place in clean barrels. 

 Store in a dry, cool room where air can be Ireely 

 given, Keei> all imperfect fruit from the sound. 



Blackberries, Raspberries, Cun'ants and 



(Jooseberries should not be deeply cultivated 

 now, but if any weeds make their appearance 

 cut them out with a sharp hoe. 



Budded Trees must be looked over, as they are 

 apt to be jiirdled by the matting of budding. 



Cuttings of Currants, Gooseben-ies, (i rapes 

 and Quinces may be put in as soon as the wood 

 is ripe. Let them be five or six inches in length, 

 and place in rows about two feet apart, the cut- 

 ting's being two inches apart in the row. Keep 

 the top eye even with the surface. 



Fall Planting. While fall planting is not to 

 be rpc(»mmendcd for Strawberry ]>lants on a 

 large scale at the \(.rih, the sett'ing of firapes, 

 Haspbrrries. Bhu-kberries. ( 'urraiits, and all tret^s 

 but stone fruit kinds may be urged on drained 

 land in the fall, banking up with a little earth 

 when set, and drawing the bank away in the 

 early spring. Plants and trees thus set in the 

 fall will in the average season make double the 

 growth, and are far more cei-tain to live than 

 when set in the spring. 



Grapes. Gather when well ripened and only 

 when dry, carefully removing all decayed and 

 imperfect berries. The thin skinned varieties 

 will not keep long and should be disposed of as 

 soon as possible. The varieties with thick skins 

 should be packed in small boxes and stored in a 

 dry, cool room. 



Pears. Winter Pears should be treated as ad- 

 \ised for Apples, but instead of placing them in 

 barrels it is adWsable to use boxes or crates. 



Strawberry Beds will j'et require attention. 

 Keei) all runnei-s off from beds grown on the 

 stool jilan, and hoe frequently. 



VEGETABLE GARDEN. 



Asparagus. About the end of the month 

 clean away growth and dress with manure. 



Beets- Take up before hard frosts, cut off the 

 leaves an inch from the crown and store in sand 

 in a cool cellar. Do not bruise the roots. 



Broccoli approaching maturity should be pro- 

 tected from sun and dew by closing the leaves 

 over the heads; also to blanch them better. 



Cauliflower. See under Broccoli. 



Celery should now be in its rapid growth, and 

 requires due attention to keep it properly earthed 

 up. In earthini^- keep the soil from the heart or 

 center c)f the plant. The late winter crop will 

 require only to be handled, the blanching taking 

 place In the winter trenches. 



Chicory, for use as a salad in winter, should 

 be taken up by the end of the month and stored 

 in sand in a dry, cool cellar. 



Egg Plants and Peppers. The supply of 

 these may be prolonged by carefully lifting and 

 bringing under gla.ss before frosts. 



Endive. Take up carefully with a ball of 

 earth to each plant, and place close together in 

 cold frames, where they can be blanched as 

 wanted for use. They must be kept dry and 

 given an abundance of air, or rotting will ensue. 



Neatness should be maintained to the last. As 

 soon as a croji hius been used, gathered, or de- 

 stroyed by frost, let the remaining part be re- 

 moved and the ground deeply iilowed or 

 forked up. This will not only deslrny many 

 weeds (as Chit'kweed, etc.), but more fully ex- 

 pose the earth to the action of the frost and air. 



Pumpkins and Squashes. Store in a dry, cool 

 situation, but where there is no danger of their 

 being tt inched bj' frost. 



Bhubarb. Treat as advised for Asparagus. 

 See Vegetables Under Glass. 



Spinach. The new crop for spring should be 

 kept cultivated and be thinned as required. 



Sprouts^ Winter or Siberian Kale. Directions 

 for Spinach will apply. 



Stakes and Poles should be gathered up and 

 placed undercover as soon asthey areout of use. 



Sweet Potatoes. Dig before heavy frost, han- 

 dle carefully, store in a dry, rather warm place. 



Tomatoes. Protect some plants by frames and 

 sashes, to obtain fruit for a longer period. Or 

 the vines can be pulled up, laid under sashes, 

 where much of the fruit will ripen. 



Turnips. Cultivate to ensure rapid gi-owth. 



FRUITS AND VEGETABLES U N DER 

 GLASS. 



Figs. After the crop is gathered reduce the sup- 

 ply of moisture both overhead and at the roots. 



Grapery. The earliest houses are iu a state of 

 rest; keep them as cool and diy as possible. 



Prune the suecessional houses as soon an the 

 leaves begin to fall. Cli-an off the canes. Clean, 

 n-pairand repaint all wood woric at the earliest 

 opportunity. In the late houses the crop will be 

 about, ripe, and they shtaild he kept dry and 

 cool. Watch the fruit carefully and remove all 

 decaying berries the instant they are nriticed. 



Guavas. Water well as required. Neglect here 

 may cause the loss of the entire crop. 



Lettuce. Plants from the August sowings can 

 be set out for the earliest crop. Those raised 

 from the September sowings to be pricked into 

 cold frames in rows an inch each way. 



Oranges, Lemons and Limes. Keep the trees 

 thoroughly clean with soapy water. Thin out 

 the fruit if necessary. Li(piid manure can be 

 used occasionally with benefit. 



Parsley for winter use can yet be secured by 

 carefully lifting the plants and placing them in a 

 cold frame. Some boxes can be filled and placed 

 in the greenhouse or kitchen windtjw. Four 

 inches ai>art for the plants will answer. 



Peaches and Nectarines in cool or slightly 

 heated houses should be given an abundance of 

 air in order to properly ripen off the wood. 

 Trees in tubs to be treated like Figs. 



Rhubarb. For \vinter forcing lift the roots 

 towards the end of the month and store in 

 frames or cellars until wanted. 



Strawberries. If notyetdone, repot into 6-inch 

 pots and plunge in coal ashes in an airy place. 



POINTS ABOUT POULTRY. 



Worms. A writer to the Mirror and Farmer 

 suggests that a tablespoonful of common worm- 

 seed, from the drug store, fed iu the food of ten 

 hens once a day will relieve them both of flesh 

 and intestinal worms. 



Combs unnaturally dark indicates a congested 

 state of the system, and which can be cured by 

 giving small d« 'S).*s of Epsom salts twice on altern- 

 ate mornings, si taking some gi-ain in the water in 

 which the salts have been dissolved. 



Either Beans or Peas, which analysis show to 

 be about erpial in nourishing properties cooked, 

 or better, ground and mixed with wheat bran or 

 ground oat.<, and sealded, is a good fooii tor jmul- 

 try. It is a got.d. cheap t.'ti:g food. Thougli liens 

 do not generally aeei-].t of whole beans readily, 

 yet we have seen liieni ted upon them exclusively 

 and they thro\ e and laid reniarkably. 



Flying the Fence. Some hens, according to 

 the Mirror aiKl Farmer, can fly over a seven-foot 

 fence, and when once begun others are also 

 taught. If a piece of wire be placed on a line 

 with the fence, but six inches inside of the yard, 

 it will prove effectual against flyei-s. A hen at- 

 tempting to fly goes for the top of the fence, and 

 pays no attention to the strand of ^i re, which 

 she strikes and falls back. After striking the 

 wire two or three times she becomes disgusted. 



The Tax of the Moulting. All fowls shed their 

 feathers annually; iu the case of the growing 

 chick, several times in the fii'st six or eight 

 months of his life. This making of new feathers 

 costs almost as much vital energy as the forma- 

 tion of bone and muscles. This is easily proven 

 by examining a flock of moulting fowls and no- 

 ticing tlu'ir emaeiatetl eonclition. It is more 

 trjing on old fowls than on chicks. They often 

 droop and become really sick before tney are 

 through moulting. Food of a stimulating nature 

 sh(nild be abundantly supplied. Not a great 

 amount of corn but plenty of wheat, oats and 

 mixed food. A libei-al supply of bone or shell 

 meal is good. Plenty (d" shade and a cool roosting 

 place is desirable. 'I'his by the Pi*atical Farmer. 



To Preserve Eggs in Salt. The prizes so far 

 the past year for preserved eggs have, whenever 

 they have competed, been awarded to those j)re- 

 scrved in salt. The method follows: Use dry, 

 fine salt; place a layer on the bottom of a keg 

 deep enough to set the eggs on the large ends, 

 side by side; then cover with salt, thus alternately 

 putting in a layer of eggs and a layer cd" salt. 

 The salt being dry runs all al)oui tiie eggs, and, 

 if kept in a drv cellar, lowers their tem]iei-ature. 

 When the krg is full, I'ut on the lid tightly. This 

 will keep eggs for six months, wliieh secures them 

 for use an entire winti-r, or carries thi'm tioni a 

 dull to a high market. It is the cheapest and 

 best method, and the eggs are fresh, sweet and as 

 good, fcirall i)urposesbut hatching, as fresh eggs. 

 —Our ('(Kuitry Home. 



Hints for Autumn. Carelessness in little details 

 ^nll soon sh(»w in the condition and productive- 

 ness of the fowls. Many early pullets are laying 

 now, and most of the moulting fowls have new 

 feathers. Many fanciers, we venture to say, 

 have made no provision for the comfoi-t and 

 maintenance of theii- poultry for the coming 

 winter. This month suggests certain duties that 

 are obligat<iry, berause the weatherin onr north- 

 ern climate' bi-eouK's roliler, and the fowls have 

 to be proteelcd t'l-oni the chilly winds that are so 

 searching to all animal life. True, most aeelhiia- 

 ted advilt fowls are hardy, if in good health, and 

 able to withstand a deal of sharp cold if accus- 

 tomed to out-of-doors liberty all along, but it is 

 the sudden and sometimes unlooked for changes 

 from moderate to severe cold, from siuishine t<.) 

 cold niins, and fr:)m a dry atmosphere to chiUing 

 dampness, that we must guard against to avoid 

 roup and other ills now.— The Poultry Monthly. 



