1887. 



POPULAR GARDENING. 



39 



Mirabilis roots to be taken up and stored In sand In 

 a dry, frost-proof cellar for another season's use. 



Fansies. Young seedlings for next season to be 

 covered with evergreen boughs, or lightly with straw, 

 after the ground becomes frozen, to prevent Injury liy 

 repeated freezing and thawing. 



Rhododendrons and Ghent Azaleas not lung 

 plant^-d to be well mulched with coarse Utter or half 

 rotten leaf mokt, and otherwise treated as advised 

 for Evergi'een shrubs. 



Roses in the open to be treated like Rhododendrons. 



Shrubs in borders to be mulched with coarse man- 

 ure; this to be dug under In the spring. 



Stakes, Plant Supports, etc. to be gathered together 

 and placed under cover for another season's use. 



Trenching, draining, making walks, grading lawns, 

 and all similar Iniproventenls to be pushed forward 

 and completed. If pnsslble, so as to avoid delaying im- 

 portant spring work. 



Vases, Hanging Baskets, to be emptied, cleaned, 

 repainted if necessary, and placed under cover. 



PLANT CULTURE UNDER GLASS. 



Acacias. See that they are thortmghly watered from 

 now on. If the pots or tubs are well filled with roots, 

 liquid manure should be freely given. 



Achimenes will now be at rest. Place the pots In a 

 dry situation with an average temperature of .50 degs. 



Amaryllis. The deciduous species to be kept dry. 

 The evergreen species to be given only water enough 

 to keep the leaves from shrivelling. 



Astilbe Japonica for early blooming to be started. 



Azaleas for lat^ blooming to be kept In a cool part of 

 the hou.se. At rest they do not rcciuire frequent wat- 

 erings. Neither should they get very dry. Young 

 plants and those that are required for early blooming 

 to be placed in the warmest part of the house. 



Begonias. (See House Plants.) The tuberous rooted 

 varieties to be treated as advised for Achimenes. 



Bouvardias blooming freely may be t'lven liquid 

 manure occasionally. Guard against insects, and aim 

 for an average temperature of 55*. Watered carefully 

 and in regular heat, these plants are easily grown. 



Caladiums. Treat as advised for Achimenes. 



Calceolarias. Treat as suggested for Cinerarias. 



Camellias from now on to be syringed occasionally. 

 and moderately supplied with water at the roots. Be 

 sure to keep the foliage thoroughly washed. 



Carnations to be moderately watered and syringed 

 occasionally on bright, r;unuy mornings. Stake and 

 tie up as required. Air freely on suitable occasions. 



Cinerarias for early flowering to be shifted Into 

 larger pots. Keep in a cool, light, aiiy place. 



Crassula lactea from now on to be fully exposed to 

 the sun. and kept rather dry, to induce free flowering. 



Cyclamens to be kept in an average temperature of 

 50 degrees, and as close to the glass as possible. 

 Blooming plant* t<j be given liquid manure occasion- 

 ally. Seedling plants to be potted off into small pots, 

 or else shifted on, if sown early. 



Dalechampia Rozeliana. The flowers will be ma- 

 terially improvei in size and color by keeping.? In a sun- 

 ny situation, and giving liquid manure occasionally. 



Deutzia gracilis for early blooming to be started 

 into gi-owth by placing in gentle heat. 



Epiphyllum truncatum, and its varieties, to be 

 started into bloom by placing the plants In a light, 

 sunny situation, and Increasing the heat and moisture. 



Euphorbia Jacqniniflora to be placed in a warm 

 moist atmosphere, and close to the glass. 



Ferns to be repotteJ whenever necessary. Keep 

 well supplied with water. Uuard from all inseuts, ej- 

 pecially scale. Keep Gymnogrammas well supplied 

 with water, and in a warm, moist, shady situation. 

 Avoid wetting them overhead if possible. 



Gardenias. For early blooming keep in a tempera- 

 ture of from S.'i to 60 degrees. For later use, keep cool. 

 Water all with moileration. Sponge off the leaves. 



Gesnerias of the Zebrina type, growing in warm 

 hou.scs will now be in full beauty, and should be lib- 

 erally watered, but avoid wetting the foliage. 



Gloxinias. Treat as for Achimenes. 



Habrothananus in a sunny situation will flower 

 freely, and may be given liquid manure occasionally. 



Heaths. Water carefully, and ke?pia cool, airy place. 



Heliotropes blooming freely to be given liquid 

 manure water occasionally. 



Hyacinths and otlier Dutch bulbs that were potted 

 early and well rooted may be gradually started up. 



Lily of the Valley for early blooming to be brought 

 in for forcing about the end of the month. 



Mignonette in pots not to be over-watered. Keep as 

 close to the glass as possible. 



Orchids. — Cypripedium insigne In cool houses will 

 not require much water, but don't allow them to be- 

 come very dry. Towards the end of the month re- 

 move them to where they can be given more heat. 

 i^t'/irfj-obiums will by this time have completed their 

 growth and shoulil lie placed In a sunny situation. 

 Keep rather dry, but don't allow them to shrivel, or 

 else the flowers will be small. (Mcidium Ernitho- 

 rftj/KCum will flower during the month, and they will 

 soon fade unless the plants are placed in a shady sit- 



uation. Zygopetalon crinitum. Water at the roots 

 as required. It will bloom during the present month, 

 and If the plant is given a cool, dry situation, they 

 will remain a long time in perfection. 



Fansies. Those t>eln^,' forced to be as close to the 

 glass as possil>le, and air freely on every possible op- 

 portunity. Stir the ground between the plants often. 



Pelargoniums. Those that were cut down some 

 time ago to i>e repotted. Place them in as .small pots 

 as possible. Young plants to be shifted as necessary. 



Poinsettias. Treat as for Euphorbias. Give liquid 

 manure two or three times a week, and maintain an 

 average temperature of tJO degrees. 



Tabernemontanas to be placed in a warm, moist, 

 sunny situation, and in an average temperature of 6U 

 degrees whenever flowers are desired. 



Verbenas. Rooted cuttings to be potted off. As 

 growth commences pinch out the tips of the shoots. 



Vincas. The seed of rosea, alba, and occulata for 

 next season's use should be sown as soon as gathered. 



Violets. Treat as for Pansies, keeping down all 

 runners and dead leaves also. T<»wards the end of the 

 nK)nth those In frames will require to be protected at 

 night by means of straw mats or shutters. 



FRUIT GARDEN ANDORCHARD. 



Blackberries. If not yet done, trim out the old wood. 

 If the plants show lack of vigor, spread manure among 

 them: this to be dug in in the spring. 



Cuttings of Currants, Gooseberries and Quinces put 

 in last month to be covered with evergreen boughs as 

 soon as the ground freeze.-* to prevent their being dis- 

 placed h>y alternate thawing and freezmg. 



Currants and Gooseberries showing lack of vigor 

 will be materially benefited by spreading manure 

 around them, and digging it In early in the spring. 



Grape Vines can be pruned as soon as the leaves 

 fall Protect wherever required by laying dowu and 

 covering with three or foiu* Inches of earth. 



Grafts may be cut towards the end of the month. 

 Tie in bunches, label, pack In sawdust and store in a 

 cool cellar until wanted for use. 



Marketing. The fruit to be carefully assorted and 

 packed. Apples in clean barrels. Pears in boxes, 

 with each specimen wrapped in paper. Ship only 

 first-class fruit, placing your address on each package. 



Raspberries. Treat as for Blackberries, The tender 

 sorts to be covered, as advised for Grape-vines, before 

 the ground freezes. 



Rubbish, such as prunings, leaves, and litter, should 

 not be long permitted to remain around, as this fur- 

 nishes homes for many Insect pests, as well as a har- 

 bor for mice to make trouble for young trees. 



Stocks for root gi'afting should be lifted before the 

 ground becomes frozen, and stored in cold frames. 



Strawberries. Mtilch with straw or salt hay as soon 

 as the ground becomes frozen. To prevent the straw 

 from being blown away lay poles, or throw shovels 

 of dirt on between the rows. 



VEGETABLE GARDEN. 



Artichokes. Jerusalem to Ije lifted and stored as Po- 

 tatoes. Green Globe to be coverei with litter or salt 

 hay just as soon as the ground freezes. 



Cabbage. When growth ceases, pull and store. Se- 

 lect a dry, sheltered spot, place the Cabbages together 

 in rows, heads dowu, as close together as pfissible, and 

 cover with four inches of earth. Don't cover until 

 cold weather is at hand. A supply for immediate use 

 may be preserved by placing tlie heads In a barrel and 

 covering with sphag^nmu. Put In a cool, dry place. 



Carrots. Gather, cut off the leaves to within half au 

 inch, and store the .same as Potatoes. 



Celery. Keep earthed up as long as growing weath- 

 er remains, but before hard frosts set In it should be 

 taken up and stored as close together as possible iu 

 narrow trenches, ten inches wide, and of a depth suit- 

 able to the height of the plants. Cover with shutters 

 so placed as to shed rain, and oa the approach of 

 colder weather cover with straw, this to be gradually 

 increased a.s the season advances. When wanted for 

 use. take out a quantity and pack in a box, with alter- 

 nate layers of Sphagnum and place in cool cellar. 



General. As soon as a crop has been gathered, let 

 the ground be deeply plowed. If at all possible, let a 

 Miner Subsoil Plow follow In the wake of the common 

 plow; this will drain, lift and break, but not turn up 

 the subsoil, and the advantage derived by this will be 

 apparent next season. Bean Poles to be cleared of the 

 viues and placed under cover. 



Leeks. Take up and store In cold frames, by laying 

 in the plants in an upright position. Air freely, so as 

 toke€p them as cool as possible. Protect In severe 

 weather by mats, straw, or shutters. Or take up and 

 store in sand in a cool cellar. 



Onions. Keep in an airy situation, and quite cool. 



Parsnips to be lifted for early winter use, placed In 

 pits, and covered as advised for Cabbage. For late 

 winter and spring, leave in the ground until wanted. 



Rhubarb to be given a heavy dressing of manure, 

 this to be worked In around the plants in spring. 



Salsify and Scorzonera. Treat as for Parsnips. 



Sea Kale. Cover about the end of the month with 

 Ave or six Inches of coarse, littery manure. 



Spinach for early spring use to be lightly covered 

 with straw or salt hay. 



Squash and Pumpkin. Keep In as dry and cool a 

 situation as possible, but guard against frost. 



Tools. Clean and oil thoroughly and place away for 

 another season's use. Rejtair and repaint all that re- 

 quire it, at the earliest opportunity. 



Turnips sliould be gathered on the approach of se- 

 vere weather, stored In pits and gradually covered to 

 the depth of five or six inches. For immediate use 

 store in barrels In a cool cellar. 



FRUITS AND VEGETABLES UNDER 

 CLASS. 



Asparagus roots to be lifted and stored in cold 

 frames, where they can be got at when wanted. 



Figs in boxes or tubs to be stored in a cool, dry cel- 

 lar before freezing weather sets in. Tho.se to lie forced 

 in the warm grapery may now be brought In. 



Grapery. Keep the late houses as dry and cool as 

 possible; air freely. Rem<jve all decaying i)erries. The 

 successional houses to be pruned as soon as the leaves 

 fall, canes cleaned off and laid down. Clean, repair, 

 and repaint all woodwork. In ver>' early houses the 

 vines may now be started into growth. Increase the 

 heat very gradually. Mulch the borders well with 

 coarse littery manure before cold weather sets In, In 

 order to keep them from freezing. 



Lettuce may yet be procured from cold frames 

 These should be well ati-ed, and well protected from 

 frost by means of mats, shutters, etc. For later u.se 

 the growing plants should be given an average tem- 

 perature of 35 degrees. Air freely on all favorable oc- 

 casions. Plants in cold frames to be wintered over 

 should not be protected except in severe storms. 

 Scatter tobacco stems around and among the plants to 

 keep the green fly In subjection. 



Pine Apple in fruit to be given a warm, moist at- 

 mosphere. Young plants to be given a moderately dry 

 atmosphere, from 55 to 60 degrees of heat. 



Rhubarb. Treat as directed for Asparagus. 



Strawberries in pots to be plunged In cold frames 

 before freezing weather sets in. Water sparingly. 



POINTS ABOUT POULTRY. 



In Poultry matters many mistakes are com- 

 mitted by hiiving more than one variety of fowls. 

 We refer now especially to beginners and to those 

 who enj^ajje in tue work as a side interest. 



Old Newspapers i>asted on the walls of the 

 poultry house, sugrg-ests the Mirror and Farmer, 

 make an excellent lining for the inside. Put 

 them on with ordinary tlour paste, and when the 

 paper is dry give it a coating of tliick whitewash. 

 When the weather becomes warm next season 

 remove the paper, as lice may find snug places 

 for concealment. 



A Good Point. When you desire to do alJ in 

 your power to induce layinjr, remember that hens 

 lay— /ia(»ra//y. All thatcahbedonctohcli'tlii-ni 

 do this is to supply the proper materiuls mit of 

 which egtrs and their slu'lls nia.\' be created, und 

 stimulate thi- process perhaps by oxtra care, bet- 

 ter LjuarttTs, und an increase of first-class feed in 

 variety. They must ha\e good shelter. They 

 should be fed with sound grains, animal f(^)oa, 

 cooked vegetables, and green provender regu- 

 larly. Gravel, lime, bone, shells and such sub- 

 stances shoidd be provided, so that they can i-at 

 as much as they neetl (if either, at tticir Icisuic. 

 Clean nests, dry dusting-boxes, clear, f n-sli water. 

 and occasionally butchers' scraps or cooked offal 

 is what they crave. These all a'^sist them t<fward 

 increasing the egg-meat within them and bring- 

 ing it to maturity. Thus the eggs are made and 

 laid, as a matter of course.— Poultry Journal. 



November is a good month for making sales. 

 finishingupthecuUingprocess and final prepara- 

 tions for winter. It is one thing to raise good 

 pullets throufjrh the summer and fall, but if wc 

 neglect them just now and not provide comf<irt- 

 able quarters, grain, animal and vegetable I'ood 

 for their use by and by, we are ncit doing our 

 duty. When the time comes to house poultry 

 and expect frc^m our early pullets eggs when 

 they are valuable we may be disappointed by 

 neglecting their little wants now when most 

 needed. Everything out-of-dooi-s now weai*s a 

 seared look. The fowls, accustomed to roam to 

 pick the tender grass an<i cateh the moving in- 

 sect, now mainly depend on the hand of the 

 feeder. This is the time to provide a stock of 

 Cabbage, Turnips, Potatoes antl Onions for winter 

 use iis they can be ha^l cheaper now. To some it 

 may appear unnecessary to store green food for 

 fowl?, but think of foxiv or live luonths in con- 

 tineraent without theiraccustonied tid-t»its. And 

 put your fowl houses in proper shape. <Tather 

 the dry fallen leaves and put them away in a dry 

 corner for winter use when the fowls need exer- 

 cise by scratching for kernels. .See to the drain- 

 age of your houses and yards, and avoid dami»- 

 ness lest cold and roup \i«it your fli)ck. Above 

 all look to the cleanliness of the fowls and hen- 

 neries, for unclcanliness is the bane of the poultry 

 house and the greatest enemy tiie fowls and 

 keepers have to e<inteij<l a;^aiiist. ICuter an un- 

 cleanly and illy-ventil;it<d lien house before the 

 fowls are off the roosts, and the offensive air will 

 eon\*inccyou that it is uo'place for any breathing 

 animal to" live in. —Poultry Monitor. 



