64 



POPULAR GARDENING. 



December, 



The extent of the pi-uning shown in Figure 

 39 is such as might apply to the average of 

 orchard and shade trees as planted. Others 

 than these will receive attention later. 

 (To be continued.) 



Objections to Double Glazing. 



W. C. STRONG, WABAN. NEWTON HIGHLANDS P. 0„ MASS. 



In reply to inquiry No. .511 in respect to 

 " Double Glazing " I have to say that, several 

 years since, I made a somewhat extensive 

 trial of it, with rather unsatisfactory results. 

 The outer course of glass was like the 

 ordinary method of glazing. The sash-hars 

 were 3 inches in depth with a groove cut 

 near the lower edge, down which groove the 

 inner course of glass was slid from the upper 



flower before September 1st. as their place 

 is already occupied by the Aster, a similar 

 flower and one much easier grown, and more 

 satisfactory at this season. 



First-class varieties that will come into 

 flower as soon as the Asters are gone and 

 continue up to the main crop are much ap- 

 preciated by the trade and by the amateurs. 



THE TRIUMPH ASTER. 



end of the sash-bar, the panes being kept in 

 place by butting against each other. The 

 dead-air space between the outer and inner 

 courses was about an inch and a half deep. 



We should expect that a house so protected 

 could be heated with great economy. But 

 the saving in this respect was less than I 

 anticipated, and there were objections which 

 seemed to outweigh any advantages. The 

 deflection of the sun's rays was much more 

 than doubled, by reason of the more acute 

 angle at which they would infringe upon 

 the inner glass. More than this, the frost 

 and snow were very slow in melting from 

 the outer glass. Again the inner course of 

 glass would become more or less clouded 

 with dust and thus cause obstruction of 

 light. In these three ways the amount of 

 sunlight was materially diminished. 



With a single thickness of glass, a con- 

 siderable protection is obtained by the heavy 

 coating of hoar frost that forms in severe 

 nights, which serves as a good non-conduc- 

 tor of heat, and also closes any air spaces. 

 This frost quickly disappears as soon as the 

 sun is up. But with double glass this coat 

 does not form to any extent. In my opinion 

 cloth curtains upon rollers, which can be 

 drawn at night, are more desirable and 

 cheaper than a second covering of glass. 



Early Flowering Chrysanthemums. 



A. H. FEWKES. NEWTON HIGHLANDS, MASS. 



In addition to the list of early flowering 

 Chi'ysanthemums given by Mr. Thorpe in 

 his article on page .3, October issue, I would 

 mention the following, all of which are good 

 and flower with us earlier than I.,a Vierge 

 or Soeur Melaine: 



Lady Selbome ; pure white — Japanese. 

 Madame C. Desgrange ; " " 



Mile. Lacroix ; " " 



M, Neville ; light rose pink— '* 

 Blanc precoce ; creamy white— " 

 Golden Fleece ; bright yellow, Pompon. 

 Mile. EUse Dordun ; rose-pink and white. 

 I quite agree with the writer in regard to 

 the very early varieties, that is, those that 



The Triumph Aster: Said to be an 

 Entirely New Class. 



This novelty in Asters, of which an en- 

 graving appears herewith, is being offered 

 for the first time by Messrs. Haage & 

 Schmidt of Erfurt, Prussia. From the cat- 

 alogue of this firm we take the following: 

 It is undoubtedly the most beautiful of 

 all dwarf Asters, not only with 

 respect to the habit of the 

 plants, liut also as regards the 

 form and beauty of the 

 flowers. It forms an entirely 

 new class, reproducing itself 

 true from seed, and attains a 

 height of T to 8 inches. In its 

 earlier stages of growth it re- 

 sembles the dwarf Chrysan- 

 themum Aster, but later on, as 

 the large and beautifully 

 shaped flowers appear, they 

 soon bend on account of their 

 weight a little at varying 

 angles, but do not droop so as 

 to impair their beauty. The 

 annexed illustration was acu- 

 rately engraved from a medi- 

 um sized plant. 



The flowers of this Aster 

 measure from 2>^ to .3 inches 

 across, and are of the most 

 faultless Paeony-form.all petals 

 being beautifully incurved. The color is 

 a pure scarlet, rich and brilliant, changing 

 when in full bloom to a satiny deep scarlet. 

 The flowers are borne in great abundance. 

 This novelty while the plants were in full 

 bloom attracted great attention of all visi- 

 tors to our gardens, and was pronounced to 

 be the most perfect and most charming of 

 all dwarf Asters cultivated Tip to this day. 



Niootyl as an Insect Destroying 

 Agency. 



For some time a great number of English 

 growers of plants under glass have em- 

 ployed nicotine vapor instead of tobacco 

 smoke as a means of destroying insects 

 under glass. Most of these, as we learn 

 from our foreign exchanges, have discarded 

 fumigation entirely in favor of the new 

 system, the advantages of the latter over 

 the former being sufficiently proved by one 

 or two trials. 



As we understand it, the vapor is provided 

 by simply heating tobacco juice in a specially 

 made apparatus. Smce the method has 

 been regularly used, it has been abundantly 

 proved that while the vapor of tobacco juice 

 Is a deadly insecticide it will not injure the 

 tenderest flower, and that for plants in 

 bloom it is much safer than tobacco smoke. 



Of several contrivances for applying the 

 vapor, the one know in England as the 

 Nicotyl Vaporiser, of which the accompany- 

 ing is an illustration, is thus described: 



"The apparatus consists of an annular 

 vertical chamber, into which is dropped a 

 conical cylinder, open at the top and bottom. 

 The introduction of this open-ended cylinder 

 divides the interior of the chamber into two 

 annular portions: a smaller one, next to the 

 center flue, which for the purposes of this 

 description we will call the super-heater, 

 and an outer larger one, which we will call 

 the boiler. Below the vertical opening in 

 the center of the chamber, which we will 

 hereafter designate the lamp chimney, we 

 arrange a lamp burner, and a reservoir for 

 containing the paraffin oil, by the means of 



which the apparatus is heated. The boiler 

 being filled to a certain height with the 

 Nicotyl to be vaporised, and a certain meas- 

 ured quantity of oil poured into the reser- 

 voir, the lamp is lighted and allowed to 

 burn until the whole of the oil is consumed. " 



Successful Chrysanthemum Show 

 held at Indianapolis, Ind. 



W. H. LAWRENCE, BRIOHTWOOD, IND. 



The first Chrysanthemum show given by 

 the Society of Indiana Florists was certainly 

 a thing of rare and exquisite beauty. The 

 members were greatly surprised at what 

 they did before the doors opened, and then 

 they turned around and surprised the 

 citizens of Indianapolis and hundreds of 

 others from abroad. Each day the beauty 

 of the exhibit was greatly enhanced by new 

 and beautiful designs fresh from the green- 

 houses being placed on exhibit in a manner 

 decidedly attractive. Each afternoon and 

 evening the elite of the city graced the hall 

 with their presence. 



The eftect on entering the door leading to 

 these tastily arranged beds of flowers was 

 more like looking on a picture than a reality 

 and the ideas presented were entirely new 

 to nine-tenths of the visitors. The bank 

 after bank of flowers, the elaborate decora- 

 tions, brilliant lights, music, the great ever- 

 green bell clinging from the central chan- 

 delier, the monster pyramid of tropical 

 plants, all surrounded with cut flowers, 

 Orchids, Carnations, Chrysanthemums, and 

 the choicests of Roses, made one feel as if 

 they had, by some magical power, been 

 transported to some tropical clime. 



The cut flower display was a flrst-class 

 show within itself. Our home florists made 

 a good showing. Then came Fred Doerner 

 of Lafayette, with a car load; President Hill, 

 Richmond; .J. A. Peterson, Cincinnati, Geo. 

 W. Doswell, Ft. Wayne; M. Hunt, Terre 

 Haute; .John G. Heinl, Terre Haute, Pres't. 

 Carmody, Evansville; D. W. Cox, Craw- 

 fordsville; Henry Graham, Terre Haute; 

 Peter Henderson, New Jersey; Jno. Hen- 

 derson, Flushing, L. I.; E. V. Hallock, 

 Queens, N. Y.; J. Everet, Philadelphia; 

 Seibrecht & Wadley, Robert Craig, Phila- 

 delphia, and to all of them thanks ! Many 

 thanks are sent through your columns. 



There were about 2,000 Chrysanthemums, 

 of all varieties, shades and colors, in pots, 

 arranged along the banks between the vari- 

 o u s aisles. The 

 mammoth stage 

 was beatitifully or- 

 namented with 

 evergreens and 

 flowers, and each 

 night a picked or- 

 chestra of fiO per- 

 formers discoursed 

 excellent music. 



During the week, 

 until Saturday, the 

 admission was 2a 

 cents, and on the 

 latter day the chil- 

 dren filled the hall 

 for one dime each. 

 During the after- 

 noon there was an 

 auction of flowers, 

 and such bidding on 

 fiowers was never before seen in Indiana. 

 On the following Sunday morning there 

 were more Chrysanthemums in the front 

 windows of Indianapolis residences than 

 will again be seen for many a day. The re- 

 ceipts at the door were sufficient to pay all 

 the expenses of the exhibition and leave a 

 handsome sum in the hands of the State 

 treasurer. The writer was present from the 

 commencement to the finish, and regrets 

 that he cannot mention many things omitted 

 that should receive unqualified praise. 



A NuMtyl Vaporiser. 



