i888. 



POPULAR GARDENING. 



251 



Plants iu tubs or In pots set on the lawn, as well as 

 those in vases, need tn lie watered often and thor- 

 ouRhly. Do not iniais'iue tbat because the top of the 

 soil Is wet that it Is soaked through. 



Roots absorb moisture In a vaporized form only, 

 heuce the Importance to roots of a well drained soli 

 penetrable by the air. 



Rock Gardens often suffer in summer from drougth, 

 and this should be prevented. Remove the tops of 

 plants that have passed Into a ripened state. 



Seed sowing of moat perennials and biennials Is 

 timely now. Provide shade for young plants when up. 



Lilies. The White Candlduni and a few others that 

 are now at rest, should be transplanted at this time, 



Evergreens. Such a hlRh authority as Joslah Hoopes 

 strongly advocates August over spriug for transplant- 

 ing Evergreens. Done at this season new roots 

 soon form, to the advantage of the wintering. The 

 only drawback now is a high temperature, tending to 

 free evaporation, to overcome which transplant on a 

 damp, cloudy day, and afterwards the trees should be 

 sprinkled over head every evening for several weeks. 



Trimming up the tlower beds at this season clipping 



the plants of formal beds, removing faded flowers and 



stalks of border perennials, and throwing out early 



annuals that are past, will help much for the good ap- 



' pearance of the garden. 



Verbenas usually show exhaustion now. Cut back 

 the extremities, giving repeated doses of liquid ma- 

 nure, or else strew some fertilizer over the plants, and 

 they will come around with a flue crop of bloom, and 

 of cuttings for propagation later. 



Watering lawns Is much practiced wherever there 

 are good systems of water-works. In most cases far 

 more water is applied than is necessary, causing a 

 soaked and unhealthy condition of soil. Mounds and 

 slopes require some extra attention. To freely water 

 trees on lawns is <me great secret of having them 

 make a rapid growth. Here there la little danger of 

 watering too much. Water thoroughly while at It, 

 making aperatures with the spading fork over the 

 area of the roots, to readily take in the water 



PLANT CULTURE UNDER GLASS. 



Bedding Plants of such kinds as are scarce, or of 

 which it may be desirable to get up a large stock next 

 year, may now have the first fall cuttings put In. 



Camellias. Continue to guard against dryness at 

 the root. When a plant is found badly wanting water 

 plunge the pot iu a tub for half an hour. While we 

 urge full necessary watering, atill the mistake of over- 

 watering must be prevented. 



Carnations to begin bloom about the holidays 

 should now be cut back for the last time. 



Chrysanthemums in pots now need some special 

 attention. Pompons to be stopped for the last time; 

 large flowering kinds not to be stopped again. Stake 

 and tie as needed. Plants intended for show should 

 have some of the surface soil removed, to be replaced 

 by some rich half -rotten dung. 



Geraniums for winter bloom should be stopped all 

 over now. Propagation may be begun for plants with 

 which to decorate the house early next spring. 



Greenhouses will never be nearer empty than now. 

 Let them therefore be put into thorough shape for re- 

 stocking with plants later. Clear out, cleanse, repair, 

 paint and fix up generally. All wood and brick work 

 should be cleanly scrubbed. 



Hard-wooded plants, such as Aucubas. Laurestlnus, 

 Laurels, Arbor-vltfeas, etc.. that have completed their 

 growth for the season in the ground can be lifted now 

 to better advantage than later. 



Orchids now require to be gone over with a view to 

 separating plants, that are going to rest from those 

 that are still actively growing. As the growth of any 

 Orchid appears to be completed gradually withhold 

 water and remove to a cooler part. Young plants lately 

 potted to have their growth encouraged. 



Pelargoniums should be cut back at once if not yet 

 done, using the ends of shoots f<)r propagation. 



Pots. New ones needed to be bought before the sea- 

 son of lifting and propagating, now near, opens ; all 

 old ones to be soaked and washed very clean. 



Roses for winter flowers to be syringed daily, clos- 

 ing the house after the last syringing. If bedded give 

 the border a liberal manure mulch now. Do not cut 

 back the old wood of Tea Roses, for it will not break 

 strong below the cut. A better way to get rid of old 

 canes Is to curve them to the ground, pegging them 

 down, when new and strong shoots will break from 

 near the base of the old canes. 



Smilax seed should be sown for next year's plants, 

 and old roots that have been at rest to be started up. 



Stocks of the Ten-week and Intermediate tribes for 

 winter bloom may now be sown. Of the former the 

 Wall Flower-leaved ones are favorites with us for this 

 purpose. To provide a succession they should be sown 

 at intervals of six weeks. 



FRUIT GARDEN AND ORCHARD. 



Budding of most kinds of fruit trees may go on. 

 Cherry, Pear or Plum should be about done with; 

 Apple to come after these, and Peaches and Quinces to 

 follow about the end of the month. The ties to be 

 watched, cutting them before they cut the bark. 



Currants. After the leaves have dropped, trim (he 

 plants, thiuuiug fully half of the new growth. A well- 

 known grower says the best time t<^ take off cuttlngH 

 is in August or early In September, that the natural 

 warmth of the soil may operate as bottom heat before 

 chilled by frosts. Shoots of the current year's growth 

 are cut eight Inches long, and placed vertically In 

 compacted soil with an inch of the top exposed. 



Early fruit should be used promptly when rlpo; 

 kept beyond a fair eating state the quality soon falls. 



Enemies. Plant Lice. Destroy by dipping the af- 

 fected parts (usually the ends) Into a bucket of strong 

 tobacco water prepared from elgar-makers' waste, or 

 else syringe with this. Cut out BUick-k7iot from 

 Plums and Fire-blight from Pears as soon as they are 

 seen. Large and voracious Oreen Worms often 

 trouble Grape-vines at this season, and should be des- 

 troyed. Borers deposit their eggs in the lower part of 

 the trunks of Apples, Peaches, etc., during summer. 

 A band of tarred paper around the tree at the base, 

 the lower edge covered with soil, will prevent much 

 mischief. Probe for old-timers. The nests of late 

 Web Wonns, should be destroyed promptly. 



Gooseberries See for Currants. They can be easily 

 propagated by "stooling," that Is, banking the earth 

 aroimd them and well up Into the plants. 



Marketing. Many varieties of summer apples 

 will be ripe and ready for shipping during this month 

 and to have them carefully picked, graded, and Iu)n- 

 estly packed in clean, new crates or barrels, with no 

 better fruit on top than there Is In the middle or at the 

 bottom of the crates or barrels as the case may be, 

 win inspire a customer with confidence enough to risk 

 a second trial of the same brand. The inferior fruit of 

 any kind had better be kept at home than to injure 

 prices of the better by mixing indiscriminately and 

 marketing in that fashion. As a rule, fruit marketed in 

 good condition brings good and satisfactory returns. 



Mulch any trees that are suffering from drought. 



Raspberries. Clear out the old canes after fruit- 

 ing and treat each plant to a shovel full of rich c<mi- 

 post. When the tips of the Black-eapclass take on a 

 purplish white color propagate, If this Is desirable, by 

 bending these to the earth and covering each tip light- 

 ly; a stone may keep It in place. It will soon root. 

 Observe same directions for Blackberries. 



Strawberry beds that have fruited should now be 

 kept well tilled. A stimulant should also be applied t<.> 

 the plants; nothing is better than hen manure and 

 ashes mixed with wood's earth. Some of the same 

 spaded into the soil will prove a treat. 



Watering fruit trees In dry seasons is of much help 

 to the crop. This done after the development Is so far 

 along that seeds and stones begin to harden Is espec- 

 ially useful. To water trees draw enough soli from 

 the stem to form a saucer-like edge; Into this depres- 

 slon place a mulch over which to run the water. The 

 mulch will extend the benefits a long time. Some 

 liquid manure Is also a great help. 



THE VEGETABLE GARDEN. 



Asparagus beds kept clean of weeds and grass al- 

 way prove much more productive for this. 



Celery. Set out the late crop. The successive plant- 

 ings are tobeearthedupgradually.assufflclentgrowth 

 of stem to handle appears. This Is best done after a 

 heavy rain or w*atering. Take care that no soli finds 

 Its way into the hearts. 



Cucumbers. Gather dally for pickles. By taking 

 them at two Inches long (the favorite size) the total 

 number produced will be increased. In picking use 

 the fenlfe, pulling aud twisting them injure the vines. 



Egg Plants to be encouraged with liquid manure; 

 mulch to keep the fruit clear of the ground. 



Liquid Manure now applied once or twice a week 

 to any growing crops of Lettuce, Cabbage, Cauli- 

 flower, ete., will help them much. 



Onions. Gather when most of the tops have fallen. 

 Pull aud dry for several days before storing. Seed may 

 be sown for early spring pulling. Just before winter 

 cover the seedlings lightly. 



Potatoes will be dug from day to day; those for seed 

 to be left until the tops are well ripened. If there be 

 any rot, burn the tops instead of leaving them on the 

 ground or collecting for the manure pile, thus prevent- 

 ing the spreading of the germs. 



Seed saving is one of the Important garden jobs 

 Only the best, and as a rule the earliest stocks, should 

 be used for seed. In gathering seeds let them be well 

 dried and put up carefully, marking the packages with 

 name and date. 



Sow early Turnips, Lettuce, Endive, Spinach, early 

 and winter Radishes and bush Beans for pickling. 

 These may occupy the space of early crops taken off. 



Spinach. Kound seeded sown at once will yield a 

 supply to vary the produce of the season later. 



Squashes. Keep the cultivator going until the tops 

 prevent. The same advice applies to Melons. 



Sweet Potatoes should now be growing rapidly, the 

 branches ta be raised occasionally to prevent their 

 rooting. Keep perfeetly clean of weeds. 



Tillage. A lively hoe Is a good substitute for rain In 

 supplying moisture to growing crops. Continue to 

 work between the rows of all growing crops until the 

 tops Interfere. 



Tomatoes. Fruit shaded by an excessive growth 

 of leaves, as a result of wet weather can advantage- 



ously have sonu- leaves removed to admit the sun to 

 them. Gather and destroy the large Green Worms. If 

 you do not trelllse your plants then mulch, to keep the 

 fruit from the ground. 



FRUITS AND VEGETABLES UNDER 

 GLASS. 



Grapery. Fruit In a ripening state shotdtl have a 

 free .supply of air. Free ventilation will help Ixjth the 

 flavor and the color of the fruit. If the shoot** are 

 crowded remove a ptirtlon of them with a view Uy se- 

 curing a perfect ripening of the wood for next year 

 In cold-houses the forming bunches should be thinned 

 of all defective berries. 



Mushrooms can easily be raised In old frames oy 

 any one under greenhouse stages, or even In a eellaror 

 shed. Collect a good heap of horse manure, shaking 

 out the straw. Spread It out as It aeeuniulntes, to pre- 

 vent heating, and turn at Intervals of a week for sev- 

 eral weeks. Then add loam— If it be turfy all the bet- 

 ter—in the proportion ()f one thlni or one-fourth of the 

 whole, and make up a bed of 18 Inches dee|), heating It 

 down well as the work proceeds. Let It remain until 

 a brisk heat arises, when spawn (to be had at see<l 

 stores) should be inserted In pieces the size of an egg, 

 about four inches apart. Cover the bed with two 

 Inches of fine loam and then wait for results. 



Strawberries. See uuder this head last month. It 

 maybe added, that the compost used for pot plants 

 ought to be strong loam and rotted manure, and the 

 plants be potted quite firmly. 



THE POULTRY YARD. 



Chickens and Turkeys, sutr^'ests Farm and 

 Stockman, should not !>e fed tnji-ethcr. The chicks 

 jJTOt moio, and the turkeys less, than their share. 



Scabby Legs. This is the season wlieii the legs 

 f>f the hens will become scabby. It is due to a 

 minute pai'asite, which j^radually builds a lime 

 substance on the shanks. Any kind i)f ^jri-ease 

 will cure it, but the remedy jrenerally used is to 

 add a teaspooiiful of kerosene to a jfill of melted 

 lard, which is well ru]>bed (»n the leg^s of the 

 fowls once or twice a week, and soon renders 

 the legs clean —Mirror and Farmer. 



Pekin Ducklings at three or four months old 

 make a very desii'able dish if thry be well fed 

 from the shell, and fattened on cooked jrt'oiind, 

 Outs and Corn, with PotHt<»es added. They are 

 also very hardy if not inbred, and stand oureold 

 winter i-cmarkably well. They are early layers 

 and continue with only short ititermissicuis until 

 late in the summer. They thrixc lui-idly, and 

 when matured will ordiuai'ily wci^li innn twelve 

 to fourteen pounds per pair. 



Boup. Under the g-uise of roui>, are various 

 forms of disease, arising from the same causes. 

 The symptoms are generally: they lose ambition, 

 and in the last stages throw their heads forward 

 and make a shrill cough. Treatment: Remove 

 the fowl from connection with other fowls, us it 

 is very contagious. Wet the top of the head 

 with sjdrits of canivdior and put a little under 

 the wings and betwi-cii the legs; donotiuittoo 

 much in the latter places, as it may blister. Soak 

 two or three small crackers in hot waterormilk, 

 and add ("Cayenne (red) Pepper the size nf a very 

 small Pea. and about one-haif tcaspoonful of 

 brandy. If the fowl does not eat (Iw prepariiticin, 

 force it down; keep all other fcid tr"m the fowl 

 and give this mixture two or thivu tinifsaday 

 untd better, and feed \ery lightly for a few days. 

 — Country Gentleman. 



Fowls and Fruit. Heat is a great trial to 

 fowls; they need some summer screen. The shade 

 of trees aud bushes, with a good dust wallow 

 in the shadiest spot, is a givat aid and comfort, 

 and the trees are doubly benefitted by the ar- 

 rangement— tirst in a free supjdy of effective 

 nianureand suppressing of weeds; and, secondly, 

 by the destruction of many insert ciicniiciii. 

 Plum ti*ees do better in a poultry yani than else- 

 where, and tall sorts of Raspberries and iilack- 

 berries flourish there with little care nr outlay. 

 Sometimes, however, it is found necessary to 

 shut the fowls oflf from these hy wire netting or 

 otherwise, just when ripening fruit. We have 

 found no summer shelter SI) perfeetly enmforta- 

 ble to chickens, as an Aspmagus bed eimvenient 

 of access after the cutting season in ()\er and 

 growth shot up. Withnxiniy runs uf such a kind, 

 there is little or no danger of diseas^Mimong the 

 feathered stock.— New York Tribune. 



Poultry-bouse and Poultry. Tf) ascertain the 

 size of house required for any number of fowls, 

 give each bird from 10 inches to 12 inches of i>erch 

 mora, and place the roosts a yard apart. For 

 fifty birds about 52 feet of rnosts would be 

 wanted, and these could l)e easily set uj) in a pen 

 ir» feet by 7 feet. A i)crch would l)e fixed at each 

 side of the building and another may run down 

 the centre. A door may be niaced at one end 

 corner; this would slightly ret] uce the length of 

 one of the outside perches. Larch poles, abfait 

 3 inches or 4 inches m diameter, si)lit in two, and 

 nailed the fiat side downwards, make the Itest 

 perches. In building, the cheapest plan would 

 be t^') buy the materials antl engage a car|x;nter 

 to do the work. If it be possible to divide the 

 riins, the fowls would dr) U'tter in two lots. It 

 is a difbcult matter to advise as to the choice of 

 breeds. The Laugshans, the Wyandottes, and 

 the Plymouth Kocks are all useful,— Doulting, 



