On Budding Trees and Shrubs. 211 



taking, at the same time, a portion of the wood, which is retained. 

 A hole is made in the stock, of the same size as the hud and its 

 rim, and of a de))th equal to the length of the piece of wood left 

 on. The whole is adjusted so that the bud, with its bark and wood, 

 fills up the wound exactly ; and the edges are then covered with 

 grafting-wax. This mode of budding is employed to equalize the 

 flower-buds over a tree, by removing some, from where there are 

 too many, to those parts of the tree where there are too few. 



3. Escutcheon Budding with Wood under the Bark ; Greffe en 

 E'cusson hoise. (fig. 6. j — To procure the escutcheon, a deep and 

 transversal incision is made above a healthy and vigorous bud ; then, 



by withdrawing the blade of the grafting- 

 knife, and entering it rather higher than 

 this cross cut, a narrow strip of bark, three 

 or four lines broad, by 1 in. or H in. long, 

 is taken away, terminating in a point at the 

 bottom. The eye should be situated about 

 a third from the top, and the stipules or 

 other appendages that sometimes accompa- 

 ny the petiole, as well as prickles, &;c., 

 must be taken off with caution. With the point of the grafting- 

 knife, the wood of the escutcheon is then taken out, leaving a small 

 piece immediately under the eye, and about a third of the length of 

 the escutcheon. The bud, thus prepared, is inserted in the stock, 

 and then tied as before. Tiiis mode of budding is that most gene- 

 rally used in European nurseries. 



4. Escutcheon JBudding, with a growing Bud ; Greffe en E'cus- 

 son avec un (Eil poussant. — The escutcheon is cut and placed in 

 the same manner as by the preceding method ; but, as soon as it is 

 inserted, the head of the stock is cut off, and all the buds that push 

 from it, except that from the escutcheon, are rubbed off as they ap- 

 pear. This mode of budding, when done in the spring, has the 

 great advantage of forcing the bud to develope itsell immediately, 

 thus gaining a year. However, it sometimes happens that, if the 

 bud does not take, the sap of the stock not being able to find a 

 channel, from all the shoots being rubbed off as they appear, the 

 stock, or at least a great part of its length, dies of repletion. When 

 done in the month of August, this mode of budding seldom succeeds, 

 because the young shoot, not having time to ripen, perishes with the 

 frost, and often causes the death of the stock. 



5. Escutcheon Budding, with a dormant Bud ; Greffe en E'cus- 

 son avec un (Eil dormant. — This mode is similar to the preceding ; 

 but it is performed in August, and nothing is cut away from the 

 stock till the following spring, in order to prevent the developement 

 of the bud before that season. Though longer before it takes effect, 

 this mode of budding is more certain to succeed than the preceding 

 method. It has also the merit of not hurting the stock, if it does 



