COOLERS AND PAILS 



Table XL 



EFFECT OF MILK COOLERS 



Average of Four Experiments (Orr) 



101 



rinsing the various utensils that come in contact with the milk at 

 various stages cannot all be sterilised, so that milk will contain 

 a number of the bacteria usually found in water supplies. 



Cow faeces may also be conveyed to milk by falling into 

 milking pails after becoming dried upon the udders and flanks 

 of the cows. This danger may be eliminated as has previously 

 been pointed out by vrashing these portions of the beasts. 

 Savage ^^ gives several analyses of fresh cow excreta. (Table 

 XLI.) 



From this general consideration of the various sources of 

 milk contamination it is obvious that milk even whilst fresh 

 •may contain large numbers of an almost infinite variety of 

 organisms. Before taking up the methods of examination for 

 these organisms it will be advisable to consider the effect of 

 storage, for milk samples are rarely taken of the product in a 

 fresh condition. This point is also important in considering 

 the conditions requisite for preventing bacterial multiplication 



