434 Ancient Horticulture. 



the roots of a tree, she neglects the stem, and reversely. Since, 

 therefore, in the autumn, she is employed on the roots, and, 

 in the spring, on the stem, it is evident that autumn is the 

 best time for transferring the roots from one place to another, 

 just after the fall of the leaf. If, however, the soil to which 

 a tree is to be transplanted is wet, early spring, just before the 

 buds begin to swell, is the best time for transplanting.* 



In cold places, it is necessary to raise a heap of earth round 

 the newly transplanted vine. 



Young vines are benefited by being transplanted. 



Yines intended to be trained on trees should be planted 

 about five feet from those trees, and, after they have been 

 well rooted, they should be layered to within a foot of them." 



i^ Propagatio?i of Trees. Grafting can be done in the 

 autumn or spring ; budding, in the spring or summer. 



Grafting is more successful in wet, and budding in dry, 

 weather. 



In dry weather, water the grafts every evening. 



In budding, if the wood in the billet containing the bud is 

 suffered to retain its place, the bud will make a more vigor- 

 ous shoot. 



In grafting the olive, if the bark is thick, insert the scion 

 under the bark. 



Some graft the roots of the olive tree if they are partially 

 above ground. 



Some propagate the olive from root slips. 



Walnut seedlings can be taken up, grafted on the root, and 

 then set out. 



Let the vine-cutting have a piece of last year's wood at- 

 tached to it. 



(^* Mr. Loudon has very justly remarked, in an article on the increase of knowledge, 

 that, " if we were to confine ourselves to what is really new, we should probably have 

 nothing to say ; for there are few inventions or discoveries, which, at the time they 

 have been brought forward, so as to attract general notice, have not been known to 

 some individual long before." The quotation above shows the truth of his re- 

 mark. One thousand years have passed away since that advice was given, and, dur- 

 ing that time, volumes upon volumes have been published upon the science of garden- 

 ing ; yet no more philosophical reason has ever been urged for the proper period for 

 the transplantation of trees than that from the Geoponics of the Greeks. We only 

 trust the advice may be appreciated by all who are about transplanting trees. — Ed. 



