46 



ANATOMY. 



maxillary, one sub-lingual, and two molar. They secrete saliva 

 which helps to change insoluble and useless starch into a soluble 

 and useful sugar. It also assists in swallowing by so moisten- 

 ing the food that it passes easily along. This is especially im- 

 portant for animals like the horse, cow and sheep that live upon 

 a dry and more or less bulky food. The horse needs on an 

 average about 85 pounds and the cow 120 pounds ever}^ 24 

 hours. 



The parotid is located behind the low^er jaw and below the 

 base of the ear. It is connected with the mouth by Steno's duct, 

 through which its saliva flows to the mouth. 



FIG. 22. STOMACH OF THE HORSE. 



I. External View. A, Oesophagus; B, pyloiic portion; 0, duodenum; E, 

 E, left sac; F, right sac. 



II. Internal View. B, Right sac; 0, duodenum; E, oesophagus. 



The sub-maxillary lies in the space betwen the flat portions 

 of the inferior maxilla, external to the larynx. Its saliva reach- 

 es the mouth through Wharton's duct, which opens at the side 

 of that portion of the tongue where it attaches underneath. 



The sub-lingual lies beneath the tongue and its saliva escapes 

 into the mouth through 15 or 20 small ducts, the ducts of Rivini. 



Molar glands are two in number on each side and arc located 

 near, and opposite to the molar teeth. 



The pharynx belongs to l^oth the digestive ancl respiratory 

 systems a.:il was described in the lecture on respiration. 



The oesophagus is a slender tul)e 6 to 9 feet long, i inch in 

 diameter, connects pharynx and stomach, quite elastic. It is 



