COMMON DISEASES. 125 



considerable local edema (localized watery swelling). This is 

 painful and hot at first, but afterwards becomes cold and without 

 manifestation of pain. If inoculations have been made by in- 

 sects, the carbuncles may be numerous over different parts of 

 the body. The swellings extend in the connective tissue along 

 the course of the lymph vessels and nodes. 



This form is seen most frequently in the thinner-skinned 

 herbivora — horse, mule, etc. 



Internal anthrax. — Sudden seizure, great depression and pros- 

 tration ; rapid elevation of temperature ; stupor ; muscular weak- 

 ness and twitchings ; vertigo; hurried respirations; increased 

 heart-action, the organ beating tumultuously ; visible mucous 

 membranes dark-red, or a bluish-red color; sometimes the color- 

 ing matter of the blood passes in the urine. This form usually 

 terminates fatally. 



The horse, ass, and nude may exhibit symptoms of internal 

 anthrax witliout visible external swellings when the virus has 

 been taken into the body with food or water. 



In cattle, the internal or acute anthrax is most frequently 

 seen, and without external localized swellings. Tumors are, how- 

 ever, sometimes observed, either as the result of inoculation, or 

 during the course of the acute attack. 



In the sheep and goat, there is suddenness of attack ; stag- 

 gering gait; convulsive attacks; discharge of blood from natural 

 openings ; and coloring matter of the blood passed in the urine. 

 External anthrax may be produced by contaminated insects in- 

 fecting wounds on the bodies of shorn sheep, or on their heads, 

 caused by butting. Occasionally there may be found edematous 

 (watery) enlargements on the mammary gland, scrotum, on the 

 throat, and other parts thinly covered with wool. 



In the hog, the external manifestations are usually confined 

 to the throat; and there are generally other symptoms of a spe- 

 cific fever present. As a rule, death takes place from asphyxia. 

 The hog becomes infected from eating the tissues of anthrax 

 carcasses ; and the disease is most frequent in this animal dur- 

 ing epizootics. 



Poultry. — There is difference of opinion with regard to the 

 susceptibility of poultry, on account of their normally high tem- 

 perature, which, it is claimed, is unfavorable to the development 



