72 



To her belong the larger of the measurements given 

 above. 



Localities for this species are Sheffield, Liverpool, 

 Halton, Stowmarket, &c., and it used to be plentiful in 

 the fens, when there were more fens than there are now. 



The perfect insect appears in August. 



The caterpillar is blackish-brown sprinkled with yel- 

 lowish, a row of raised spots on each side of the back, 

 blue on the front half and reddish on the hinder, and 

 another similar row of reddish ones on each side. 



The date of the appearance of the caterpillar is from 

 May to July. 



It feeds on the elm, the oak, the lime, &c. 



Westwood says, " Varieties occur not only in the ground 

 colour of the wings, the males sometimes pale-brown and 

 the females dusky, but also in the depth of the colour of 

 the markings, which are sometimes almost obliterated." 



L 1 F A R I S M N A C II A . 



BLACK ARCHES. 

 Plate XII. Figure 2. 



THIS insect measures from a little under an inch and 

 a half to rather more than two inches. 



Male: fore wings greyish-white, with several trans- 

 verse waved bars and lines, and black dots, more or less 

 extensive in different individuals. Hind wings pale 

 dusky. 



Female: fore wings similarly marked, but more varied 

 both in the number, depth, and continuousness of the 

 streaks. Hind wings dusky, with a row of darker dots 

 on the margin, and a border within them. 



