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upper margin; second line the same; third line whitish, 

 at the lower corner white; central line only apparent 

 on the upper margin; central spot black. 



Localities for this species are Brighton, and Conway 

 in Wales, on the coast. 



The perfect insect appears in June, July, and August. 



The caterpillar is variously pale clear yellow studded 

 over with minute yellow raised spots, with a pale brown 

 line along the back, and a row of large deep rich brown 

 spots joined at the points, confluent and faint on the first 

 and last segments, scarcely visible on the latter, and bor- 

 dered on each side by a nearly black line, below which 

 is a narrow line of rich brown, and a row of slanting 

 stripes of the same colour; the side line yellowish, under- 

 neath tinged with brown on either side, with a central 

 line of the same colour; or otherwise grey or yellowish- 

 green, the spots on the back brown and angular, absent 

 from the hind segments, the line below the back deeper 

 brown, interrupted at the segments; the side line yellow- 

 ish, bordered on its lower side with brown; or, again, the 

 ground colour different shades of green, and all the mark- 

 ings either faint or wholly wanting; or, a deep rich 

 chocolate-brown, excepting the last segments on the back, 

 which are clear light yellow, with a central pale brown 

 line, two yellow spots on each segment on the back, and 

 a brown line on each side between two yellow waved lines. 

 The date of the appearance of the caterpillar is in 

 September and October. 



It feeds on the flowers of the golden rod (Solidago 

 virgaurea), also the Michaelmas daisy. 



The chrysalis is enclosed in a cocoon of earth, and is 

 yellow, tinged with red on the body; the thorax yellow, 

 with a less tinge of red, the wing-cases more or less tinged 

 with green. 



