GRAFTING. 1 5 



the scion into the slit it must be so adjusted that the 

 rind of the scion join that of the stock ; the whole 

 should then be clayed, or covered with grafting wax, 

 to keep out the air. The other method, whip, or 

 tongue grafting, so called from the manner of cut- 

 ting both the stock and scion in a sloping direction 

 on one of their sides, so that when brought together 

 they fit exactly, and thus may be tied together in the 

 manner of a whip-thong to the handle. In former 

 times this species of grafting was performed without 

 a slit or tongue, and in that case the former term 

 was more applicable. Subsequent practice has ad- 

 ded the slit or tongue, which has not inaptly given 

 rise to the latter term. In performing the first, 

 nothing more is required than merely to cut ob- 

 liquely at corresponding angles to the stock and 

 scion, as that when the incisions are brought to- 

 gether, they fit exactly ; then the inner barks of both 

 being brought to unite, on one side at least, a union 

 takes place. The other variety of this mode, that is 

 tongue grafting, is performed as follows : The 

 scion and stock being cut off obliquely at corres- 

 ponding angles, cut off the tip of the stock obliquely, 

 or nearly horizontally ; make now a slit nearly in the 

 centre of the sloping face of the stock downwards, 

 and a similar one in the scion, upwards ; the tongue 

 or wedge-like process forming the upper part of the 

 sloping face of the scion, is then inserted downwards 

 in the cleft of the stock, the inner barks of both be- 

 ing brought closely to unite on one side. Saddle 

 grafting is another method well adapted for standard 



