ANATOMY IN A NUTSHELL. 149 



The fore part of this depression gives attachment to the ligamentum teres of 

 the hip-joint. The fossa capitis has one or two vascular foramina. 



The greater trochanter is an expanded portion of the upper part of the bone 

 opposite the head, its upper limit being about half or two-thirds of an inch below 

 the upper limit of the head. The word trochanter means, to turn. The 

 Gluteus minimus is attached to its anterior surface in a broad depression. 

 The Gluteus medius is attached to ax oblique link, which runs downward and 

 forward from the posterior aspect of its upper border. On the anterior surface 

 of the greater trochanter is the superior cervical tubercle of the femur. 

 which marks the JUNCTION of the following muscles: Vastus externus. Gluteus 

 minimus. Obturator interims, and the two Gemelli. Above and external to 

 the insertion of the Obturator interims and the Gemelli is the INSERTION of the 

 Pyriformis. About the center of the posterior intertrochanteric line is the 

 tubercle of the Quadratus femoris. The linea quadkati, when present, 

 passes vertically down from this tubercle. 



The lesser trochanter is a pyramidal projection at the junction of the lower 

 part of the posterior intertrochanteric line and the diaphysis. Its direction 

 is inward and backward, and its apex gives attachment to the Ilio-psoas muscle. 



In front the neck is separated from the shaft by the anterior intertro- 

 chanteric line, which is the upper part of the spiral line. This line commences 

 at the tubercle of the femur, and runs down in front of the lesser trochanter. 

 It gives attachment to the capsular ligament and the Vastus interims and Cru- 

 reus muscles. 



The shaft is arched forward; its middle is somewhat cylinderical, but below 

 it is expanded. It has an anterior and two lateral surfaces which are not sep- 

 arated by well defined lines. The two Yasti and the Crureus muscles cover 

 these surfaces. The linea aspera separates the two surfaces posteriorly. This 

 line is well marked in the middle third of the thigh, bifurcating both above and 

 below. Of its two upper divisions the external one extends to the greater tro- 

 chanter making the gluteal ridge for the attachment of the Gluteus maximus. 

 The internal division winds around below the lesser trochanter, passing into the 

 anterior intertrochanteric line, and forming the lower part of the spiral line. 

 Another line passes from this line to the lesser trochanter for the attachment 

 of the Pect incus. 



Below the linea aspera divides into two lines which extend to the two 

 condyles, thus forming the supracondylar lines, which enclose the popliteal sur- 

 face of the femur. The inner line ends at the Adductor tubercle, ami i- broken 

 above this where the femoral vessels lie on the bone. Above the middle of the 

 linea aspera is a NUTRIENT foramen, which is directed from the knee. (Page 

 P.).) A SECOND foramen inav exist nearer the distal end of the bone. 



The inner lip of the linea aspera gives attachment to the Vasius interims, 

 and the outer lip gives attachment to the Vastus externus. The Adductor 

 magnus is attached between the two. Between the Adductor magnus ami the 

 Vastus externus are the Gluteus maximus and the short head of the Biceps. 

 Between the Adductor magnus and the Vastus internus are the Qiacus, Pecti 

 neus, Adductor brevis, and Adductor Longus. At the lower pari of the poplitea 



