220 ANATOMY IN A NUTSHELL. 



is attached to the linea aspera and extends from the insertion of the Gluteus 

 maximus to the outer condyle of the femur. It separates the Vastus externus 

 from the short head of the Biceps and gives attachment to both of these mus- 

 cles. The internal intermuscular septum is attached to the linea aspera and 

 extends from the lesser trochanter to the adductor tubercle, thus separating 

 the Vastus in tenuis from the Pectineus and Adductors. This intermuscular 

 septum is perforated by branches of the profunda artery which pass to the 

 hamstring muscles and by the superficial femoral artery which passes into the 

 popliteal space through an opening in the Adductor magnus. Smaller septa 

 are given off from the fascia lata to ensheath each muscle. 



The ilio-tibial band (Plate LXXIV.) is a special part of the fascia lata 

 which passes from the front part of the crest of the ilium down the thigh as two 

 layers, one superficial to and the other beneath the Tensor fascia femoris, at 

 the lower end of which muscle these two layers become blended and having 

 received the insertion of this muscle it passes down to be inserted into the ex- 

 ternal tuberosity of the tibia. Another special portion of the fascia lata is 

 called the gluteal aponeurosis and takes its origin from the outer lip of the crest 

 of the ilium posterior to the ilio-tibial band. This fascia covers the Gluteus 

 medius muscle and divides at the anterior border of the Gluteus maximus to 

 enclose it. The iliac portion of the fascia lata is behind the femoral vessels but 

 in front of the pubic portion. This portion is attached to the crest of the ilium 

 and to the whole length of Poupart's ligament and to the ilio-pectineal line with 

 Gimbernat's ligament where ^continuous with the iliac fascia. The pubic por- 

 tion of the fascia is attached above to the ilio-pectineal line. It passes beneath 

 the femoral vessels to which it is attached and crosses the Gracilis, Adductor 

 longus and Pectineus muscles. The saphenous opening is between the iliac 

 and pubic portions of the fascia lata and leads from the space of the superficial 

 fascia to the femoral vessels. It is an oval shaped aperature which is about an 

 inch and a half in length and half an inch in width. It is directed obliquely 

 downward and outward at the upper and inner part of the thigh just below 

 Poupart's ligament. The inner boundary of the opening is posterior to the 

 outer margin and behind the femoral vessels. It is through the saphenous 

 opening that a femoral hernia passes after descending along the crural canal. 

 The outer margin of this opening forms the falciform process which passes in 

 fronl of the femoral vessels and is attached to Poupart's ligament and the spine 

 of the os pubes and the pectineal line where it is continuous with the pubic 

 portion. 



LESSON LXII. 

 The Fascia of the Leg. 

 The superficial fascia of the leg is continuous with that of the thigh and 

 beneath it i- the deep fascia of the leg, which forms an investment for the mus- 

 cles but is not continued over the subcutaneous surfaces of the bone. Above 

 it joins the fascia lata and receives an expansion from the tendon of the Biceps 

 externally and from the tendons of the Sartorius, Gracilis, Semitendinosus in- 

 ternally. Anteriorly it blends with the periosteum covering the subcutaneous 

 surface of the tibia and with that covering the head and the external malleolus 





