250 ANATOMY IN A NUTSHELL. 



structures as one mighl say oedema of the glottis just as he would say mouth to 

 include the lips. The anterior part of the glottis is called glottis vocalis and is 

 hounded by the true vocal cords, while the posterior part is called glottis res- 

 piratoria and is hounded by the internal margins of the arytenoid cartilages. 



The epiglottis (Plates CXXII-CXXXIV-CXXXV-CXXXVI-CXXXVIL) 

 i> a valve-like organ which prevents the food from entering into the glottis during 

 deglutition. The superior or false vocal cords are two folds of mucous mem- 

 Inane which enclose a delicate rounded hand, the superior thyro-arytenoid 

 ligament. They are called false vocal cords because they are not directly con- 

 cerned in the production of the voice. The inferior or true vocal cords are two 

 strong fibrous bands, inferior thyrc-arytenoid ligament, which are covered by 

 a thin layer of mucous membrane. They are called true vocal cords because 

 they are concerned in the production of the voice. 



The sinus of the larynx, (Plate CXXXVII) which is situated between the 

 false and true vocal cords on each side, leads into the sacculus laryngis (sinus 

 Morgagni.) There are nine cartilages of the larynx, three of which are single 

 and three are in pairs. The single ones are (1) epiglottis, (2) thyroid, (3) cri- 

 coid. (Plate CXXXVI.) Those in paris are (1) the two arytenoid, (2) two 

 cornicula laryngis, and (3) the two cuneiform, The cricoid and thyroid and 

 the arytenoid (excepting tin tip) are hyaline in structure. The tip of the 

 arytenoid, the epiglottis, the cornicula laryngis, and the cuneiform are yellow 

 elastic. The ligaments of the larynx are arranged in two sets, the extrinsic 

 which are three in number, connect the larynx to the hyoid bone, and the in- 

 trinsic, which are sixteen in number, connect the cartilages of the larynx to one 

 another. 



The extrinsic ones are: 



Thyro-hyoid membrane. (Plate CXXXIV.) 



Two lateral thyro-hyoid ligaments, each of which contains a nodule cartil- 

 age, (the cartilage triticea.) 



The sixteen intrinsic ligaments are: 



Crico- thyroid membrane. (Plate CXXXIV.) 



Two crico-thyroid capsular ligaments. 



Two crico-arytenoid ligaments. 



Two crico-arytenoid capsular ligaments. 



Two superior thyro-arytenoid (situated in the false vocal cords.) 



Two inferior thyro-arytenoid (situated in the true vocal cords.) 



Hyo-epiglottic ligament. 



Thyro-epiglottic ligament. 



Three glosso-epiglottic folds. 



The muscles of the larynx are as follows; (1) Crico-thyroid, (2) Crico- 

 arytenoideus posticus. (3) Crico-arytenoideus lateralis, (4) Thyro-aryte- 

 Doideus (5) Arytenoideus, (6) Thyro-epiglottideus, (7) Aryteno epiglottideus 

 superior. (8) Aryteno-epiglottideus inferior. All these muscles are in pairs 

 excepi the Arytenoideus, which is a single muscle. Three of these muscles be- 

 long to the epiglottis. (Plate CXXXVI.) 



