402 ANATOMY IN A NUTSHELL. 



4. The buccal is sensory and comes out between the two heads of the Ex- 

 ternal pterygoid to reach the Buccinator and is often joined to the anterior 

 temporal and external pterygoid nerves. It communicates with the seventh 

 and is distributed to the mucous membrane of the skin of cheek. 



5. Branch to the External pterygoid muscle is generally adherent to the 

 long buccal nerve. The posterior branch of the common trunk is larger and is 

 chiefly sensory. It has three main branches, (a) auriculo- temporal, (b) lingual 

 which is purely sensory, but (c) the inferior dental nerve has a few motor fibers 

 in it which pass to the Mylo-hyoid muscle. 



6. The auriculotemporal arises by two heads between which is the middle 

 memingeal artery. It then passes under the External pterygoid muscle, over 

 the capsular ligament into the temporo-mandibular joint. From here upward 

 with the temporal artery beneath the parotid gland to the temporal fossa where 

 it becomes cutaneous and lies posterior to the superficial temporal artery. It 

 gives off seven branches: (a) a branch to facial nerve, (b) a branch to the otic 

 ganglion, (c) two anterior auricular branches distributed to tragus and upper 

 and outer part of pinna, (d) superior temporal to integument of the greater part 

 of the temporal region and they anastomose with the seventh, (e) auricular 

 branch to temporo-maxillarv articulation, (f) branches to external auditory 

 meatus, which branches are given off in the parotid gland. They pass between 

 the cartilage and the bone to enter the meatus. These branches supply the 

 upper part of the meatus, tympanic membrane, and occasionally the lobule, 

 (g) branches to the parotid gland. 



7. LiNGUAL(gustatory)formerly supposed to be the nerve of taste. so it was 

 called gustatory, but it is a nerve of common sensation and the name gustatory 

 is still used for this nerve. It lies at first internal to the External pterygoid 

 muscle and then it passes downward in front of the inferior dental nerve and is 

 joined at an acute angle by the chorda tympani nerve from the seventh. From 

 here L1 passes downward and forward between the Internal pterygoid and the 

 ramus, over the Superior constrictor of the pharynx on the Hyo-glossus muscle, 

 above the deep part of the submaxillary gland to the sides of the tongue. It 

 has (a) communicating branches to the anterior dental nerve and submaxillary 

 ganglion and the twelfth nerve, and (b) branches of distribution to the tongue. 



8. TheiNFERiOR dental is the largest branch and passes downward underthe 

 External pterygoid muscle posterior to the lingual nerve. then to the dental for- 

 amen after passing between the ramus and internal lateral ligament. It passes 

 through the dental canal to emerge at the mental foramen. This nerve has four 

 main sets of branches, (a) Those to the Mylo-hyoid muscle, (b) branches to the 

 molar and bicuspid teeth, (c) branches to mucous membrane and canine teeth, 

 and (d) branches to the integument of chin and lower lip. 



The Gasserian ganglion is sometimes called the semilunar ganglion. It 

 lies in Meckel's cave near the apex of the petrous portion of the temporal bone. 

 Beneath this ganglion is the motor root of the fifth nerve and the large super- 

 ficial petrosal nerve which is a branch of the seventh. This latter nerve helps 

 to form the vidian nerve. Filaments from the cavernous plexus of the sympa- 

 thetic join this ganglion on its inner side. Branches pass to the tentorium 



