ANATOMY IX A NUTSHELL. 441 



tus Fallopii it passes through the stylomastoid foramen. This nerve may he 

 paralyzed after it leaves the stylo-mastoid foramen, or during its passage through 

 the petrous portion of the temporal hone, or at its origin in the brain. In any 

 of these cases it is called Bell's paralysis. Paralysis of this nerve in the brain is 

 also called bulbar paralysis. 



The eighth cranial nerve is called auditory. It starts to leave through the 

 internal auditory meatus but stays in the internal ear. One disease of this 

 nerve is deafness. 



The ninth cranial nerve is called glosso-pharyngeal. It leaves the cranium 

 through the middle compartment of the jugular foramen. Loss of taste is 

 ageusia. 



The tenth cranial nerve is called pneumogastric. It leaves the cranium 

 through the middle compartment of the jugular foramen. One thing that may 

 happen when this nerve does not preform its function is asthma. 



The eleventh cranial nerve is called spinal accessory. It leaves the cranium 

 through the middle compartment of the jugular foramen. Paralysis of this 

 nerve causes spasmodic torticollis. 



The twelfth cranial nerve is called hypoglossal. It leaves the cranium 

 through the anterior condyloid foramen. Paralysis of this nerve causes motor 

 aphasia. 



The following are the descriptions of those parts of the brain not previously 

 given. 



(1) Valve of Yieussens is a thin leaf of medullary substance between the 

 superior peduncles of the cerebellum. It is also called anterior or superior medul- 

 lary velum. 



(2) Posterior or inferior medullary velum is the commissure of the 

 flocculus of the cerebellum. 



(3) Posterior perforated space is the depression just behind the cor- 

 pora albicantia at the base of the brain. The arteries which pass through this 

 space pass to the optic thalamus. It would be better to call it the posterior 

 perforated substance. 



(4) Tuber cinereum is a tract of gray matter extending from the optic 

 commissure to the corpora albicantia. and it is one of the structures in the floor 

 of the third ventricle. 



(5) Lamina cinerea is a connecting layer of gray matter between the cor- 

 pus callosuin and the optic commissure. » 



(6) Infundibulum is a funnel shaped process of the brain passing from the 

 tuber cinereum to the pituitary body. 



(7) Corpus striatum consists of the caudate nucleus, the lenticular nucleus. 

 and the internal capsule, and is situated opposite the Assure of Sylvius. 



(8) Choroid plexuses are vascular plexuses in the ventricles of the brain. 



(9) Tela choroidea [nferior is the membranous pari of the roof of the 

 fourth ventricle. 



(10) Peduncles of the pineal gland are delicate white bands passing 



forward from each side of the pineal gland along the edge of the third ventricle 

 to join the anterior pillars of the fornix. 



