ANATOMY IN A NUTSHELL. 453 



that the first pair cross the Quadratus lumborum muscle. The other branch is 

 the dorsal branch which passes with the posterior primary branch of the inter- 

 costal nerve and gives off spinal branches which supply the spinal cord and its 

 coverings. It anastomoses with the intercostal artery. (C) Sacramedia is 

 a small branch given off at the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta and passes 

 over the fifth lumbar vertebra and the sacrum to the coccyx where it anasto- 

 moses with the lateral sacral arteries. (Plate XC.) 



LESSON CXLIII. 

 (2) The visceral branches and under these we have (A) coeliac axis, which 

 is a short trunk about a half of an inch long, arises between the crura of the 

 Diaphragm just above the Pancreas. It passes horizontally forward and di- 

 vides into three branches. Gastric or coronary artery is the smallest of these 

 three branches and passes upward to the left side behind the lesser' sac of the 

 peritoneum to the cardiac end of the stomach. It also uives branches to the 

 oesophagus, then turns to the right and passes along the lesser curvature of the 

 stomach sending branches to both sides of the stomach. It anastomoses with 

 the pyloric branch of the hepatic artery. Hepatic artery passes forward and 

 upward between the layers of the lesser omentum to the transverse fissure in 

 the liver where it divides into right and left hepatic branches to supply the 

 lobes of the liver. In the fetus this is the largest of the branches of the cceliac 

 axis because it supplies the liver which is such a large organ in the fetus. In 

 the adult this artery is smaller than the splenic artery. The branches of the 

 hepatic artery are Pyloric, which extends along the lesser curvature of the 

 stomach passing from right to left to anastomose with the gastric artery. ( i.\^- 

 tro-duodenalis pass behind the first portion of the duodenum and divides 

 into the folio whig branches. Gastro-epiploiea dextra, which runs along the 

 greater curvature of the stomach from right to left to anastomose with the 

 gastro-epiploiea sinistra which is a branch of the splenic artery. This artery 

 gives branches to both the stomach and the great omentum. Pancreatico- 

 duodenalis superior passes between the second part of the duodenum and the 

 pancreas. After supplying both of these organs, it anastomoses with the pan- 

 creatico-duodenalis inferior which is a branch of the superior mesentery and 

 with the pancreatic branches of the splenic. The right hepatic passes to the 

 righl lobe of the liver ami uives off the cystic artery which supplies the gall 

 bladder. The left HEPATIC passes to the left lobe of the Liver and uives off 

 branches to the Spigelian lobe . The splenic artery is the largest of the three 

 branches of the cceliac axis and is very tortuous in its course. It passes along 

 the upper border of the pancreas, crosses the left kidney to the spleen. It 



divides into pancreatic^ i'\i;\ e. These pancreatic branches supply the upper 



border of the pancreas while Tin; PANCREATN \ MAGNA, which is :i single large 

 branch, passes from the left to the right near the posterior surface of the pan- 

 creas accompanying the pancreatic duct. Tun GASTRIC BRANCHES, called 

 vasa BREVIA, are live or >i\ in number and pass to the left extremity of the 



stomach which it supplies. Gastroepiploic* sinistra is the Largesl o\' the 

 branches of the splenic artery and runs from left bo right along the greater cur- 



