Plant Diseases a7id Bisects. 



lOI 



(6) Argillaceous soils, white or gray : Cunningham . 



(7) Argillaceous soils, deep and very wet : V. cinerea. 



(8) Deep, sandy, fertile soils : Riparia (wild), Solonis, Jacquez, Cimning- 

 ha?n, Black Jtity, Riipestris. 



(9) Light pebbly soils, dry and barren : Riipestris, York, Madeira, Ri- 

 paria (wild). 



(10) Deep soils, with a tufa base and salt lands : Solonis. 



(11) Soils formed of debris of tufa, but sufficiently deep : Taylor. 



(12) Ferruginous soils, containing red pebbles of silica, deep and some- 

 what strong, well drained, but fresh in summer. All the varieties indicat- 

 ed, and in addition : Ilerbemont, Clinton, Cynthiana, Marion, Concord, Her- 

 })ian. 



''The accompanying table from the last report of the 

 Superior Phylloxera Commission indicates, better than words 

 can tell, the steady growth in the use of American vines : 



Ykars. 



American vines 

 covered 



1881 22,000 acres. 



1882 42,700 



1883 70,000 



17 departments. 



22 ' 



28 



i»«4 131-909 " 34 



1885 188,200 " 34 



1886 276,900 " 37 



1887 413,700 " 38 



1888 536,900 ' ' 43 



1889 719,500 " 44 



"On the subject of cirect remedies, the value of the kero- 

 sene emulsion for this purpose has not been properly realized in 

 France, because of the relatively high price of petroleum in 

 her grape-growing departments. A series of experiments 

 which I made in 1883 showed conclusively its great value for 

 this purpose, as it not only destroys the insect in all stages, 

 but also stimulates root growth. 



"In this connection I have recently had a series of expe- 

 riments made through Albert Koebele's agency, in the 

 Sonoma Valley, California, to ascertain the effect upon the 

 phylloxera of certain of the resin washes which proved so 

 valuable when used against the fluted and other scale-insects. 

 The results have been quite encouraging and the experiments 

 have already shown that in the use of those washes we have 

 a valuable addition to the underground remedies. Soaps 

 were made b}^ the use of bicarbonate of soda, sal soda, and 

 caustic soda, each mixed with resin. In the earlier experi- 

 ments the earth was removed about the base of the vine to a 

 depth of 6 inches and for a diameter of 4 feet. Ten gallons 



