7© ANTIENT METAPHYSICS. Book II. 



And thus, I think, I have proved tliat; where any thing is moved^ 

 there mnft be neceiTarily Tjinething that moves it, and which muft be 

 different from what is mo'ved. Nothing, therefore, can move itfelf; 

 fo that, when we lee a thing moved^ we muft neceffarily conclude that 

 there is lomcthing which produces the 7;/c?/iow, either internal or exter- 

 nal with refped to the thing movcd^ and different from that thing. 

 And. vvlien we fay, that a thing moves itjelf, an animal, for example, 

 we can n:iean nothing elfe, if we underftand what we fay, than that 

 there is an internal principle in the body of that animal, which moves 

 it. 



It is to be obfervcd, that this argument, from the nature of relation^ 

 does only apply to body, and to local motion^ but not to the higher fort 

 of mind, which I call intelle^i : For that mind is fo diftinguillied from 

 every thing elle in nature, by the faculty oi reflexion, of which I Ihall 

 fay a great deal in the fequel, that it is an exception from the ge- 

 neral rule that I have laid down concerning this category of rela- 

 tion ; for, by means of that faculty, it becomes its own object, and re- 

 ciprocates upon itfelf. Intelleci, therefore, contemplates itfelf, under- 

 ftands itfelf, defires itfelf; And the Supreme Intelkcl we conceive to 

 have no other object but itfelf ; and therefore it is faid to be all in 

 all. 



There are, I know, who will not be convinced by arguments of this 

 kind ; and indeed they are not to be underftood, except by fuch who 

 have been a little accuftomed to abftrad: reafoning, which I am afraid 

 is not the cafe of many now a-days who call themfclves philofophers: 

 for they are fo n^uch converfant with individual things, and obterve 

 and experiment fo much upon objects of fenfe, that they have hardly 

 any conception of imiverjals : /\nd> if they have learned no more of 

 the philofophy ot minJ than what is taught by Mr Locke, they will 

 not believe that iiniverfals have any exiftcncc. But, as nothing Ccin be 

 proved, except by arguments, either a priori^ or a pojieriori ; if 



they 



