2,qz ANTIENT METAPHYSICS. Book IL 



ierver of Nature : And I believe it is the true account to be given q£ 

 vs'hat Buffon calls excrefcent parts in animals, fuch as tlie breads and 

 nipples of raen, which are of no ufe in theinlelves, but are the necef- 

 fary confequences of other parts that are of ufe, or of the whole frame: 

 and flrudlure of the animal. 



Thus, it appears evident, that chance is no more but a fecon- 

 dary caufe, dependent entirely upon mind and intention ; and not 

 upon one intention, as we have feen, but upon two. It is there- 

 fore clearly, as AriHotle has faid, no more than an acceffory of 

 imnd, Ariftotle calls it a caufe x«t« «7ut^^i,3ii*6j, or hy accident *. And 

 it is true, whatever is produced by chance, is, y.u7oi ,yv^.^i^ny^6i: But^ 

 whatever is ««t« e-y^4/3£,3/,y,o,-, is not therefore chance ; as, in the cafe 

 above mentioned, the fatigue of the journey, and the graynefs of old 

 age, are both »zrx ^ft^e^sssxo?, being fecondary events, not intended by 

 man or Nature; yet they are not fortuitous, being the neceflary confe- 

 quence of vphat was intended. Therefore Milton has faid very pro- 

 perly, as I. mentioned before t» that, when Sampfon pulled down the 

 houfe, he killed the Lords of the Philiftines, and, by accident, him- 

 felf ; for, as his intention was to kill the Lords of the Philiflines, his. 

 killing himfelf was y.«T« Ft<f«/3i/3««e?, or by accident \ but it would have 

 been very improper to have faid, that it was fortuitoufly, or by chance, 



Ariftotle has not only diftinguifhed, as I have done, betwixt the 

 two cafes, when the event happens bejides the intention of man, and. 

 when it happens befides the end propofed by Nature ; but he has gi- 

 ven different names to the two events, which it feems his language 

 afforded, but which,. I think, ours does not. The former he calls 



'TVY,%. 



♦ Ariflotle, Phyf. lib. 2. cap. ^ 

 t P. 39. 



