330 A N T I E N T METAPHYSICS. Book III. 



when that Is determined, it will ftlll remain to be inquired, whether 

 the divlfion of the categories be full and compleat, fuch as has nothing 

 wanting, or nothing redundant ? Thefe, I think, are queftions of 

 fome curiofi-ty, and of great importancej for underflanding rightly the 

 dodrine of the Categories. 



And the firfl thing to be confidered is, in what view, and for what 

 purpofe, Archytas made this divifion of things. And I think it is evi- 

 dent, both from the title of the work, and from what Simplicius has 

 preferved to us of it, which, I believe, is by far the greateft part of it, 

 if not all, that it was a metaphyfical work, in which it was the in- 

 tention of the author to treat of the general principles of all things 

 in the univerfe that adually exifted, and which conftituted the w^hole 

 of things : In fhort, it was what I am treating of now, under the fe- 

 Gond head of my divifion of metaphyfical fubjedls, viz. the univerfal 

 forms of all things. 



It is not, therefore, of the efficient caufes^ or of the conftituting prin- 

 ciples of the univerfe, that Archytas treats, but of i\it formal caujesy 

 and of things as already conftituted. And I think it is further evi- 

 dent, that the fubftances of which he treats are natural fubftances, not 

 fubftances immateriaU and feparatedyrow T?tatter ; for, in a paffage quo- 

 red from him by Simplicius, he divides fubftances in the fame manner 

 that Timaeus the Locrian does, into matter, form, and the compound 

 of thefe two, which is the natural body ; and, as the Juhfances of 

 which he treats are of that kind, fo muft alfo the accidents be : So that 

 the whole univerfals of Archytas, being either material fubftances or 

 their accidents, it is evident that his work muft be confidered as a 

 treatife of phyfics, or rather metaphyfics, as it treats not of the particu- 

 lar afi^edions of natural bodies, but of their general principles, and 

 common properties. 



On the other hand, it is evident that Ariftotle's book of Categories 

 is a logical work : For, the intention of his logic being to explain 



what 



