426 ANTIENT METAPHYSICS. Book V. 



founds we form a fcience and art, which we call muftc^ and which alfo 

 appliv'S to the nature of things as they exift; fo that neither is there here 

 any reafon to believe that the intellect is deluded by falle appearances. 

 But, as to the other three fenfes/of touching, tafting, and fmelling, we 

 have not hitherto been able to difcover the nature and conftitution of the 

 objeds which produce them, fo as to be able to form ideas concerning 

 them, of which fcience can be made. They continue, therefore, only 

 to ferve the purpofes of animal life, and of obfervation and experience, 

 without being reduced to fcience. Now, thofe qualities of body, fuch 

 as folidity and extenfion, of which the mind can form diftin^t ideas, 

 and which are fo far of the nature and effence of body, that we can- 

 not conceive body without them, Mr Locke calls primary qualities, 

 and fays that they have a real exiftence in the bodies ; whereas the 

 other qualities, of which we cannot form fuch clear ideas, he fays, are 

 only perceptions of the mind : And, if he had faid more exprefsly, 

 what it is evident he meant, that thefe perceptions are produced by 

 certain qualities in the body, as well as thofe of which we can make 

 fcience, and had added the reafon why we can make fcience of the one 

 fet of perceptions, but not of the other, his philofophy would have 

 been nowife imperfect or defedlive, and he would have fufEciently 

 eftabliflied his diftindlion betwixt primary and fecondary qualities of 

 bodies ; the firft being thofe of which we form clear ideas, the other 

 thofe of which we know no more than that they affect our fenfes in a 

 certain way. 



What only remains to be confidered, is the cafe of dreams, in which 

 undoubtedly we perceive objects of lenie, which fometimes make a 

 greater impreffion upon us than what we perceive when we are a- 

 wake. That our dreams have their leat in the phantafia, and that we 

 fee things when we are awake, by means of the fame wonderful fa- 

 culty, is ceruinly true. And it is hktwiie true, what Ariftotle has 



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