Chap. III. A N T I E N T METAPHYSICS. 157 



Speak, Conkilt, Deliberate, and Rcafon, oftffn much better than we 

 do, have Ideas, and affirm that they have only Senfations, fhews the 

 grofleft ignorance of the philofophy of Mind. Nor, indeed, is 

 Pradical Intellect much diflcrent among us ; for we muft necefTarily 

 know Individuals: And, if the Savage be inferior to us in the know- 

 ledge of Generals, he does more than make it up in his accurate 

 knowledge of Particulars ; and, therefore, in the pradice of thofe 

 Arts to which favages apply, fuch as Hunting, and War of the kind 

 they ufe, they difcover much more fagacity than we do. I fpeak of 

 thofe Savages whom the neceffities of Life oblige to pradice Arts, 

 fuch as the Indians of North America ; for, as to thofe who live in 

 a country and climate where Nature is fo bountiful as to give them 

 every thing necelTary for their fubfiftence, without art, and with 

 little or no labour, fuch as the Caribs and other inhabitants of the 

 Weft India Iflands, they have little ufe of Intelled of any kind ; — fo 

 little, that the Spaniards, when they firft came among them, could 

 hardly believe them to be human creatures ; and it required a Bull 

 of the Pope to eftablifh their humanity. 



As the Savage does not fpeculate, it is impoflible that he can have 

 Ideas far removed from Matter and Material Things. He cannot, 

 therefore, have Ideas of Exiftence, Time, Space, Subftance as op- 

 pofed to Accident, Quantity, Quality, Relation, and other Ideas of 

 higheft Abftradion. Even Number, — that Idea of fuch neceflary 

 ufe in Human Life, that no Society can fubfift, or Art be pradiced 

 without it, being that by which weconfider a thing, either as one^ fub- 

 fifting by itfelf and feparated from other things, or as a multitude of 

 fuch feparatc things defined and limited, the Savage only perceives as 

 applied to particular things, but cannot ufe Numbers as we do, with- 

 out fuch particular application, nor confider their nature and proper- 

 ties by themfelves, and abftraded from every thing elfe. He is there- 

 fore no Arithmetician, and ftill lefs a Geometer ; For, though he 



muft 



