242 ANTIENT METAPHYSICS. Book IV, 



La/ily, There is a difference betwixt dreaming and walking in our 

 Sleep ; which, as I have fufficiently explained already *, I will fay 

 no more on it here. 



From thefe ohfcrvations, the following definition of Dreams may 

 be colledled : ' They are Phantafms, which appear to us, while wc 

 * are fleeping and the Body is at reft — believed, while the Sleep con- 

 ' tinues, to be Realities — of which wehave Memory and RecoUedtion 

 ' while awake, but then are convinced that they are delufions, and 

 ' mere creatures of the Phantafia.' By Memory and Recolledlion 

 when we are awake, I have diftinguifhed dreaming from walking 

 in our Sleep ; and by our conviction, when awake, of the delufion, I 

 have diftinguiflied it from Madnefs ; for a Madman perceives Phan- 

 tafms, which have as little reality as thofe we fee in our Dreams, but 

 believes them to be realities, as well when he is awake as when he is 

 afleep. And, therefore, as I have faid elfewhere, Dreaming is a ihort 

 Madnefs f, and it may be added, that Madnefs is a long Dream. 



Having thus defined what Dreaming is, and diftinguifhed it from 

 other things with which it may be confounded, I will now proceed 

 to lay down certain pofitions concerning it, which I hold to be cer- 

 tain. 



And, in xhefrjl place, it certainly belongs to the fenfitive or a- 

 nimal part of our Nature, as much as our Senfations do ; and, indeed 



the 



* Pages 216. — 223. 223. and 237. 

 t I will here give Ariflotle's definition of Dreams, if any body likes it 



better : To ^xyrtc^fe* ra ««-o Tij; Kii/,7iu% Tan tciirlti/tuTi'y, irxt I' ru kkIivouv it, ») 



xtttivln, t««t' nrT( iwisiitt, De Injmnniis in fine. "Which may be thus tranflated, * A 

 ' Dream is a Phantafm, proceeding from the motion of our Senfations while we 

 ' arc Sleeping, fo far forth as we are Sleeping.' What he fays of the motion of our 

 Senfations will be explained when I come to fpeak of the caufe he afligns for Dreams. 



I 



