PREFACE. liii 



we were to arrange the fyllogifm in its natural order, we fiioulcl^ put 

 it firft, and fay thus ; 



Every ammal is a fubjlance ; 



Every man is a?i animal; 



Therefore every man is a fobjlance. 

 Where the propofitions indeed are in their natural order, but 

 the terms are not ; for the prsedicates in both propofitions, viz. 

 fubjlance and animal^ fhould be placed firft. But this the Hinted 

 genius of our language will not admit *r 



ndo, I would have thofe who call themfelves Philofophers now- 

 a-days, if they will not take the trouble to fludy the Syllogifm in 

 Ariftotle's Analytics, to read, at leaft, Porphyry's Introdudion to 

 them, in which he explains \\\q Jive ivords of great ufe in Logical 

 language, viz. gefius^ Jpecies^ dijjerence^ proper^ accident \ and if they 

 do not underftand Porphyry, they have an excellent Commentary upon 

 him, written by Ammonius Hermeias. By fludying this introduc- 

 tion,, which may be truly faid to be an introdudion not only to 

 Ariftotle*s Analytics, but to all Philofophy and Science of every kind, 

 they will learn to diftinguiih betwixt the higheft Genus and the 

 loweft Species ; and they will be taught, that the intermediate clafles 

 betwixt thefe two are both genufes and fpeciefes in different refpeds ; 

 for it is of abfolute neceffity that every general idea fhould be 

 either genus fmgly, or fpecies fmgly, or both genus and fpecies : 

 And thus the whole univerfity of things is exhaufled ; and we may 

 fay with Ariftotle, that befides iheje there can be nothing elje, 



I proceed now to enquire, whether this wonderful difcovery in 

 fcience cannot be traced back to the parent land of all fclencc, I mean 

 Egypt; and whether Ariftotle did not get this, as well as the reft of 

 his Philofophy, from that country, through the channel of the Py- 

 thagorean School ? and I will give my reafons why I think he did. 



And. 

 * See upon this fubjedl, Metaphyf.. Vol, I. p. 376.- 



