200 ANTIENT METAPHYSICS. Book II. 



The Animal Mind, as I have obferved in the Firil: Volume of this 

 work*, has two kinds of powers, very diftind from one another — 

 the gnojiicy and the orecilc. By the former of thefe the animal per- 

 cei'ves and knoivSy and by the latter he defires and inclines : Under 

 which I alfo include averjion ; for averfwn is the defire of the ab- 

 fence of any thing. Of thefe powers it is evident that the gnoftic 

 is iirft in order; for, unlefs \\q perceive or knoxv a thing, it is im- 

 poffible we can defire it. 



The Animal has but two gnoftic powers, the Senfeandthe Ph.iata- 

 fia ; which Lift may be called a kind of fecondary fenfation, as by it 

 the animal perceives again what he has before perceived by the Senfes: 

 And, as in the Phantafia, the images of external things are preferved, 

 to be prefented to the Mind as often as is neceftary for the purpo- 

 fes of the Animal Life, it ferves the purpofe of Memory in Man, 

 which, as I have faid elfewhere t? pi'eferves our ideas in the fame 

 manner as the Phantafia does our Senfations. 



As to the Oredic powers of the Animal Mind, they arc fitly di- 

 vided by the antient philofophy into two, E7ri5^o/u(cd or appetite^ and 

 <B>x)y.oi or anger. By appetite. Nature or Inftind direds us to pur- 

 fue what is proper for us, and to fhun what is hurtful. But this 

 would not be fufiicient for the purpofe of Nature, if the Animal had 

 not likcwife a ftrength of Mind, by which he perfeveres in pur- 

 fuits, and overcomes difficulties that may lie in his way : Nor would 

 even this be fufficient for the prefervation of the Animal and of his 

 race, if he had not likewife a certain degree of fortitude and cou- 

 rage, by which he is prompted to refift attacks, and to encounter 

 dangers in defence of himfelf and his offspring. Thefe difpofitions 

 of the Animal Mind are denoted by the v/ord oyu&? or anger. 



Further, 



» Vol. i. Pagt- no. et fequen. 

 f Ibid. p. 96. 



