tant centre on the North American continent, 

 and eight water routes, including the Rideau 

 Canal, to the St. Lawrence and Great Lakes, 

 Montreal and the Atlantic seaboard. It is to the 

 fore as an educational centre, possessing many 

 fine colleges and academies and a splendid 

 public school system. The city is surrounded by 

 attractive summer resorts, whilst winter sporting 

 areas are in close proximity. 



Important Industrial Centre 



Though the city largely exists as the Dom- 

 inion seat of government and a large part of its 

 population depends on the multifarious govern- 

 mental departments for subsistence, it is by no 

 means insignificant as an industrial centre and 

 has never lost its prestige as a lumber centre. 

 There are about two hundred industries sup- 

 ported by a capital of more than fifty million 

 dollars and giving employment to over seven- 

 teen thousand people. Important among these 

 manufacturing establishments are wood 

 products, paper mills, match factories, cement, 

 carbide, marine gas buoys (the only factory in 

 the world), iron works, mica and clothing. 

 Industry is here assuming larger proportions 

 yearly. 



As a government centre with such a large 

 portion of its population engaged in govern- 

 ment offices, the progress of the city hinges on 

 parliamentary affairs, matters legislative per- 

 vade all, and the atmosphere is purely govern- 

 mental. Periodically, it is thronged with Cana- 

 dian statesmen from every part of the wide 

 Dominion, who gather there to formulate 

 legislation. Here, too, congregate parliamenta- 

 rians and government representatives from other 

 countries, who, with the French-Canadian sec- 

 tion of the populace, serve to give Ottawa at 

 times a tinge of the cosmopolitan. 



Immigration Prospects for 1921 



When the immigration figures for the year 

 1920 are completed and published, it will be 

 found that about 200,000 new citizens were 

 added to Canada's population during the twelve 

 months, according to the estimate of the Hon. 

 J. L. Calder, Minister of Immigration and 

 Colonization, based on the returns of the first 

 ten months of the year. For the month of 

 October, the last period for which complete 

 figures are available, immigration totalled 14,852, 

 of whom 7,602 came from the British Isles, 

 3,945 from the United States, and 3,305 from 

 other countries. This makes an aggregate 

 immigration to the Dominion for the ten months' 

 period from January first of 137,185; of this 

 total, 69,148 came from the British Isles, 43,194 

 from the United States, and 24,843 from other 

 countries. The returns for the two following 

 months, to complete the year's figures, will no 



doubt swell the aggregate to the estimate of the 

 Minister of Immigration and Colonization. 



The figures of 1920 are particularly interest- 

 ing as belonging to the first post-war period in 

 which there was anything like an indication of a 

 getting back to pre-war economic conditions in 

 general, and because they clearly show the 

 tendency of a resumption of the emigration flow 

 which the outbreak of hostilities and the con- 

 tinuance of the conflict interrupted. 



The flow from the United States during 1920 

 marked a restoration of the interest in the 

 Dominion which arrived at its peak just prior to 

 the war, and there can be no doubt but that the 

 tide from across the border is recuperating its 

 old strength. During the first eleven months of 

 the year, American settlers to Canada totalled 

 46,452, and brought with them wealth in the 

 shape of cash and effects to the extent of 

 $17,519,003. The final figures for the year will 

 put America's human contribution to Canada 

 somewhere around the 50,000 figure, and the 

 accompanying wealth over the eighteen-million 

 dollar mark. 



European Immigration Heavy 



In reviewing Canadian immigration for the 

 year 1920, however, the outstanding feature of 

 the situation has been the resumption on such 

 a tremendous scale of the human tide from the 

 British Isles and other European countries. 

 Though 1920 cannot possibly rival the banner 

 year of 1913, when 150,542 persons came from 

 the British Isles to Canada, the limitation of 

 transport was solely responsible for this, and 

 thousands who hoped for passages were dis- 

 appointed. The Hon. J. A. Calder, who made 

 an exhaustive and complete investigation of 

 conditions on the other side of the Atlanic, 

 stated on his return that all trans-Atlantic 

 liners were booked up solidly for the next year 

 and that the real unstemmed tide could not be 

 expected until the Spring of 1922, whilst Colonel 

 J. S. Dennis, probably the foremost authority 

 on Dominion immigration, stated on his own 

 return from a European tour of investigation, 

 that availibility of transport would be the only 

 limitation of European emigration to Canada 

 this year. 



It has been variously estimated that Great 

 Britain has a population in excess of pre-war 

 years, of from 600,000 to 1,200,000. Whilst in 

 the years before the war the country had an 

 annual emigration of about 250,000, this ceased 

 practically entirely during the years of hostilities, 

 and statistics show that the birth rate rose in 

 the same period. Figures recently published go to 

 point out that there are at least 250,000 men in 

 Great Britain out of employment, and, in addi- 

 tion, some 46,000 women without positions. In 

 view of these facts, the congestion and unemploy- 

 ment, it is plainly seen thaf the only solution lies 

 in emigration. 



