for both British and foreign women, a matron's 

 room, storerooms and an emergency exit to 

 waiting room outside the rampway. 



Sanitation is the governing factor throughout 

 the entire plant. The fumigation system is of a 

 modern type, and all mattresses undergo a 

 thorough fumigating after being used once by the 

 waiting traveller. All clothes of the inconnue are 

 subjected to the close scrutiny of immigration 

 officials, and a thorough cleansing is carried out 

 in all cases by the modern process. 



Ontario Rural Credits 



The province of Ontario has decided in favor 

 of a system of rural credits to further agricultural 

 development, and on the movement of the Hon. 

 Manning Doherty, Minister of Agriculture, it 

 has provided for the setting aside of $500,000 for 

 the purchase of bonds to be issued by the Agri- 

 cultural Development Board for making long 

 term loans on first mortgages on farm property. 

 Provision is also made for short term farm loans 

 and for the formation of farm loan associations 

 in any township, incorporated village, or unor- 

 ganized territory in the province of Ontario. 



In this movement, Ontario is following the 

 example set by Manitoba where a system of 

 rural credits has been in operation for some 

 years, and has been responsible for loans aggre- 

 gating $2,039,000 and the bringing under culti- 

 vation of about 66,740 acres of virgin soil. 

 Whilst based upon the Act of the western 

 province, that of Ontario differs from it in some 

 respects. 



It is provided that the capital stock of the 

 association shall be made up of one share of par 

 value for each member, and there must be at 

 least thirty members. Subscribers shall be 

 required to pay ten per cent of par value at the 

 time of subscription and the balance when called 

 upon. 



A board of seven directors, chosen by the 

 Farmers' organization, the province, and the 

 township, shall pass upon all loans which shall 

 be in effect for the year in which they are issued 

 and may be renewable. The loans will be avail- 

 able for the purchase of seed, feed, implements 

 and livestock and the erection of silos. The rate 

 of interest is not to exceed seven per cent. 



Labrador 



In territories farther south, considering 

 themselves more greatly favored climatically, 

 Labrador, when thought of, appeals as a Never, 

 Never Land of intense frigidity, blizzards and 

 other unpleasant features of a land lying much 

 farther north, and close in upon the Arctic circle. 



This vast, almost unknown stretch of 

 Atlantic shore, of which little is known beyond 

 the bare name, suggests Eskimos, reindeer 

 transport, intrepid missionaries, and other phases 

 of an existence common to a hinterland remote 

 from a gentler civilization -but little else. Yet 

 Canada and Newfoundland, both territories of 

 large undeveloped tracts and unexploited 

 resources, have for years had a good-natured 

 dispute as to what exactly constitutes Labrador 

 and where the border line between it and the 

 province of Quebec should come. It is not the 

 mere desire on either hand for the acquisition of 

 territory, but would suggest some intrinsic 

 worth in these thousands of miles of Atlantic 

 coast about which so little is known. 



The Labrador coast stretches along the 

 Atlantic from the Strait of Belle Isle, across from 

 the island of Newfoundland, to Ungava Bay, 

 and projects inland for an indefinite distance, 

 this being the point under dispute. Labrador 

 was annexed to Newfoundland in 1783. Ten 

 years later, owing to difficulties arising out of 

 grants made to a number of persons under the 

 French rule, it was changed to Canadian jurisdic- 

 tion. In 1808, it was again transferred to New- 

 foundland and has since been attached to that 

 Dominion. 



Rich in Natural Resources 



It has long been known that Labrador is rich 

 in many natural resources with a wealth of 

 valuable water powers capable of enormous 

 development. Practically no exploitation has 

 taken place of the hidden treasures of this large 

 tract, almost the sole source of revenue of the 

 population being the cod fisheries off the shore, 

 which would suggest itself first as the easiest 

 manner of livelihood. Little attention was paid 

 to the region in other respects until comparatively 

 recently. 



The world-wide paper shortage sent manufac- 

 turers of the product searching into every nook 

 and cranny for new supplies of raw material for 

 the mills, and not until then was neglected 

 Labrador considered worthy of regard. Surveys 

 were instituted and these disclosed immense 

 resources of timber suitable for paper manufac- 

 ture. This resulted in applications by promoters 

 to the Newfoundland government for timber 

 limits, and the question of how much of this 

 potential wealth belonged to Canada came up 

 again, and the settlement of the boundary 

 question became a matter of greater moment. 



It has been proved by surveys that all of 

 Southern Labrador to 54 degrees South latitude, 

 is a subarctic forest belt consisting of nine varie- 

 ties of trees. In latitude 55, more than half the 

 country is treeless, but as far north as 58, 

 valleys and lake edges are wooded. Black spruce 

 constitutes 90 per cent of the trees and next to 

 it the more hardy Larix Americana. 



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