Scandinavians in Canada, 97.82 of the total are 

 to be found in the four Western provinces. 



In Manitoba, the greater number of these 

 people centre about the city of Winnipeg, and 

 few are to be found elsewhere in the province. 

 Large settlements are prospering at Langenburg 

 and Stockholm, at Buchanan and Wadena in 

 Saskatchewan, whilst there are also many in the 

 Duck Mountains and at Fort Pelley. Alberta 

 has by far the largest share of these people, who 

 are to be found along the Calgary-Edmonton 

 line in some of the most fertile and 'prosperous 

 farming communities. In British Columbia, 

 where extensive settlement has" taken place, the 

 same pleasing progress is exhibited. 



A most gratifying feature of Scandinavian 

 settlement in Canada is that it is almost wholly 

 agricultural, and in the West they will be found 

 in the richest and most progressive districts. 

 Whilst retaining their national individuality, 

 their customs, language and religion, they are 

 British in sentiment and intensely patriotic, as 

 their fine contribution to Canada's army evi- 

 denced. With an inherent realization of their 

 own worth, they stand, without embarrassment, 

 upon their own feet, and are absorbed as Cana- 

 dians without losing their individual qualities. 

 Clean-blooded, thrifty, ambitious, and hard- 

 working, they are of the best of Europe's con- 

 tribution to a pioneer nation. 



The Labor Situation 



A survey of the labor situation over Canada, 

 as affecting the month of March, rouses both 

 gratification and dissatisfaction. Whilst the 

 average volume of employment continued on the 

 decline exhibited in the preceding month, there 

 was a substantial drop in the cost of the weekly 

 family budget, and somewhat more time was lost 

 during the month, owing to industrial disputes, 

 than in February. 



The decline in employment was fairly general 

 throughout the Dominion. In metals, machinery 

 and conveyances, decreases were shown in the 

 crude, rolled and forged divisions of iron and 

 steel and in railway shops and shipbuilding 

 yards. Industries of the food-producing groups 

 continued fairly steady. Textile and clothing 

 groups showed further gains, especially in knit- 

 ting and garment industries in Ontario and 

 Quebec, and the boot and shoe trades. Reduc- 

 tions in the mills of Ontario and Quebec accounted 

 for a continuance of the decline in pulp and paper. 

 Gains were noted in furniture and musical 

 instrument factories. Planing mills and sash 

 and door factories everywhere showed an in- 

 crease in anticipation of the building season. 

 Building operations were, however, slow, and 

 railway construction showed a decline. Coal 

 mining was generally less active, with the 

 exception of Alberta, which registered a recovery. 

 Logging practically ceased, except on the Pacific 



Coast, and river driving had not begun. Saw 

 and shingle mills were entering upon the period 

 of greatest activity. 



Industrial Disputes and Cost of Living 



The loss of time on account of industrial 

 disputes during March was greater than during 

 February, 1921, and also greater than during 

 March, 1920. There were in existence during the 

 month some 27 strikes, involving about 3,252 

 people, and resulting in an estimated time loss of 

 52,928 working days. 



In prices the movement continued downward, 

 the chief decreases appearing in eggs and butter, 

 in textiles, hides, leathers, metals, building 

 materials, and chemicals. Grains were slightly 

 higher, except oats, but fodders were down. 

 Cattle and beef were slightly up, but hog pro- 

 ducts were lower. Potatoes, onions and canned 

 vegetables were slightly higher, whilst bread, 

 flour and tapioca dropped slightly. The average 

 cost of a list of twenty-nine staple foods in sixty 

 cities at the beginning of March was $13.23, as 

 compared with $14.06 in February, $15.98 in 

 March, 1920, $15.77 in March, 1919, and $7.68 

 in March, 1914. 



Canada's Coal Situation 



Canada created a record for coal production 

 in 1920, when she produced 16,968,658 short 

 tons, as against 13,919,096 short tons in the 

 preceding year, or an increase of 21 .9 per cent. 

 The previous high mark was set in 1913, when 

 the output totalled 15, 532,878 short tons. Exports 

 increased to 2,558,223 tons, as compared with 

 2,070,050, but this was counter-balanced by the 

 increase in imports from the United States from 

 16,982,773 to 20,815,596. The total value of 

 production is estimated at about $70,000,000. 



With only one exception, that of Saskat- 

 chewan, every province of the Dominion exhibit- 

 ed an increase in production during the year 

 over the 1919 figures. A particularly interesting 

 feature of the year was the wresting from Nova 

 Scotia by Alberta of the honor of premier pro- 

 ducer, the Western province leading the Eastern 

 by nearly four per cent. Alberta produced 41 per 

 cent, of the total output, or roughly 6,700,000 

 tons; Nova Scotia, 37.8 per cent., or 6,500,000; 

 British Columbia, 18.3 per cent., or 2,550,000 

 tons; Saskatchewan, 1.9 per cent., or 330,000 

 tons; and New Brunswick, 1 per cent, or 170,000 

 tons. The reduction in Saskatchewan's output 

 is attributed to the greatly increased use of 

 Alberta coal in Manitoba and that province. 



A both interesting and gratifying feature of 

 the coal situation in 1920 was the increased use 

 of native coal, especially in the Prairie Provinces. 

 The war, which cut down shipments of anthracite 

 from the United States to Manitoba, gave 

 Alberta her opportunity to introduce her product 



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