their activities being confined to lake and river 

 boats. 



At the 31st of December, 1920, there were 

 7,909 vessels of all kinds on the Canadian register, 

 of which 3,623 were sailing and 4,281 operated 

 by steam. The gross tonnage of sailing vessels 

 was 505,630 and of steam 1,105,010 tons, making 

 a total tonnage of 1,610,640 gross and 1,151,880 

 net tons. 



Pulp and Paper Industry in Ontario 



Second only in importance to the province 

 of Quebec is the pulp and paper industry in 

 Ontario where there are 16 paper mills, 9 pulp 

 mills, and 13 combined pulp and paper mills, a 

 total of 38 establishments out of the 99 mills in 

 the entire Dominion, according to the census of 

 the Dominion Bureau of Statistics completed at 

 the end of the year 1919. They represent a 

 capital investment of $95,281,040 out of a total 

 of $264,581,300 and give employment to 8,571 

 persons, exclusive of woodsmen, out of a total of 

 26,765 so employed throughout the Dominion. 

 They distribute in wages and salaries $11, 666,612 

 a year, out of a total of $32,323,789. 



In 1919, Ontario produced 498,792 tons of 

 paper, 246,430 tons of chemical pulp, and 351,572 

 tons of mechanical pulp, or approximately fifty 

 per cent of the paper, thirty-four per cent of the 

 chemical pulp, and thirty-five per cent of the 

 mechanical pulp produced in all Canada. The 

 value of the paper produced in the province 

 amounted to $39,930,474 in that year, the largest 

 item being 342,254 tons of newsprint paper 

 valued at $23,958,566. The pulp produced had 

 a value of $25,435,362. The expansion which 

 the industry in the province experienced in the 

 year 1920 and sirice that time would materially 

 add to these figures now. 



In 1918, the Commission of Conservation 

 estimated the total quantity of spruce and 

 balsam in Ontario at 250 million cords, of which 

 140 million cords are located upon unlicensed 

 Crown lands, 85 million cords on licensed Crown 

 lands, and 25 million cords on privately owned 

 lands. The Commission also estimated that the 

 extension of the Temiskaming & Northern 

 Ontario Railway from Cochrane to James Bay, 

 when accomplished, would bring into commercial 

 availability an additional 38 million cords, thus 

 giving a huge supply commercially available. 



Largest Producing Company in Canada 



Among the pulp and paper industries of 

 Ontario is the largest paper producing company 

 in Canada, the Spanish River Pulp and Paper 

 Mills Limited, whose three mills, with the added 

 equipment in process of installation, will have an 

 annual capacity of 203,100 tons of newsprint 

 paper, 10,000 tons of surplus groundwood pulp, 

 13,000 tons of surplus sulphite paper, and 10,000 

 tons of boxboards. Another Ontario company, 



the Abitibi Power and Paper Company, owns 

 what is conceded to be one of the largest and 

 most efficient paper mills, whose annual output, 

 when completed, will include 120,000 tons of 

 newsprint, 18,000 tons of board, and an excess 

 production of 35,000 tons of mechanical and 

 18,000 tons of chemical pulp. Several new and 

 important plants are now under construction, 

 and when these are completed Ontario will be a 

 more formidable rival to Quebec in leading all 

 Canada in this important Canadian industry. 



As in Quebec, reforestation is a live issue 

 with the larger manufacturing concerns who are 

 following active policies to ensure a repletion of 

 the forests they are denuding. Further steps are 

 anticipated along this line with the co-operation 

 of the government who are still owners of the 

 majority of the land upon which the pulp and 

 paper companies are cutting, and to whom these 

 areas will eventually return. 



The pulp and paper industry is an important 

 one to Ontario, the province producing book and 

 writing papers, wrapping paper, tissues, board 

 and many other varieties of paper in addition 

 to newsprint and pulp. These products are 

 largely marketed abroad and bring into the 

 province a substantial revenue from foreign 

 sources. Last year, Ontario received a total 

 revenue of $2,684,843 from its forest resources. 

 The development of the industry has rendered 

 great assistance to settlers in the bush lands in 

 providing them with a market for their pulpwood, 

 the proceeds of the sale of which gives them a 

 comfortable revenue whilst their farms are 

 attaining a productive stage. It has utilized 

 otherwise unemployed water powers and brought 

 about the establishment of prosperous towns and 

 villages throughout the sparser settled sections 

 of the province. 



Insurance in Canada 1920 



The year 1920 in Canada was the banner 

 year for the writing of new insurance, according 

 to statistics issued by the Insurance Depart- 

 ment. In this respect, life insurance naturally 

 leads with an increase of $630,110,900, as com- 

 pared with $517,863,639 for 1919 and $307,- 

 279,759 for 1918. This increase in new insurance 

 over the amount written in 1918 was equal to 

 more than $100,000,000. 



Life insurance in Canada is now equal to 

 approximately $300 per capita. Canadian com- 

 panies got the lion's share of new life business, 

 having written $387,519,766 against $314,489,448 

 in 1919. Foreign, almost entirely American com- 

 panies, came second with $227,615,096 against 

 $192,649,319 in 1919, followed by British com- 

 panies with $14,976,038, as compared with 

 $10,724,872. In percentage of gain, the British 

 companies led with 39 per cent. The total life 

 insurance in effect is $2,657,037,219; Canadian 

 companies have $1,664,348,605; foreign, chiefly 



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