in the Prairie Provinces as well as the undevel- 

 oped lands of Eastern Canada and the Maritimes. 

 But their zeal does not end with getting immi- 

 grant peoples settled on the land. It is the 

 country's aim to make each a successful agricul- 

 turalist both to his own profit and that of the 

 Dominion, to this end maintaining the supremacy 

 of Canadian agriculture. 



One of the principal and most successful 

 means in accomplishing this is the experimental 

 farm. Canada has established and developed an 

 excellent system of experimental farms which 

 cover the country and adequately serve, with 

 their branches, every settled - portion of the 

 country. The central experimental farm, which 

 is headquarters for the Dominion, is located at 

 Ottawa, whilst branches and auxiliary farms and 

 stations are to be found in every province. There 

 is one farm in each of the provinces of Prince 

 Edward Island, New Brunswick, and Ontario, 

 two in Nova Scotia, four in Quebec, two in 

 Manitoba, three in Saskatchewan, two in Alberta, 

 and four in British Columbia. There are also 

 two sub-stations in Alberta, two in the Yukon, 

 and one in British Columbia. An addition to 

 the system is the tobacco stations at Farnham, 

 Quebec, and Harrow, Ontario. 



Research and Assistance 



At all these farms, experimentation and 

 research are carried out on every phase of agricul- 

 ture, and advice and assistance tendered on 

 every aspect of farm life. Their operations have 

 proved of immeasurable benefit in ascertaining 

 the adaptability of certain sections to specific 

 crops, originating plant life, proving the crop 

 values of newly settled areas, and extending 

 information on every point in farm life. They 

 are at the continuous service of the Canadian 

 farmer who is confronted with some problem in 

 his daily round or who is in doubt as to how to 

 proceed with some operation. 



At the central experimental farm at Ottawa, 

 thousands of inquiries are received yearly on 

 subjects covering a very wide range. Advice is 

 given on economy in purchasing feed, on the 

 purchase of livestock, on labor-saving devices in 

 farm work, and in one year more than seven 

 hundred sets of blue prints with specifications 

 for farm homes and buildings were distributed. 

 The Horticultural Branch in its various spheres 

 of activity has been responsible for originating 

 new varieties of apple, plum and strawberry, 

 and has given genesis to new varieties and 

 species of flowers. 



The Poultry Branch operates poultry plants 

 at all the farms throughout the country and is 

 interested, among other things, in providing for 

 the farmers the best laying strains. Disease 

 investigation work is carried on, and through the 

 branch's extension work, exhibitions are held, 

 assistance and advice given to poultrymen, 

 laying contests instituted, and lectures, judging, 



and demonstrating conducted at fairs. An 

 active Bee division has done much for the 

 apiarist in Canada in experimentation upon the 

 reduction of labor and production of honey. 

 Canada's tobacco industry in its every phase is 

 the care of the Tobacco Division, whilst the 

 Division of Economic Fibre Production is con- 

 tinually making tests of new crops and has 

 achieved some fine results, notably in flax fibre. 



The Division of Chemistry 



The Division of Chemistry receives all agri- 

 cultural produce for analysis, and more than 

 seven thousand samples have been received in 

 one year. These include seed, flour, feeds, meats, 

 etc. The Botany Division is interested in the 

 extermination of insectivorous pests, diseases in 

 grain, etc. The Cereal Division tests cereals for 

 the best conditions of growth and also distributes 

 free samples of seed to farmers, and conducts 

 baking and milling tests of field products. The 

 Forage Plants Division is concerned with the 

 supervision of tubers throughout the Dominion 

 and the ensurance of an adequacy of seed. 



The results of experimentation, the reports 

 of researches and concrete information for the 

 farmer, is disseminated by the Exhibits and 

 Publicity branch. Exhibits are held all over 

 Canada at provincial and local fairs, lectures are 

 given on a wide variety of subjects, and an 

 extensive distribution of literature is made. 



The farmer in Canada is recognized as the 

 most valuable asset the country possesses. He 

 is at the basis of the nation's wealth and pro- 

 gress; he is the hinge upon which swings national 

 development. To make better farmers and pro- 

 mote agriculture generally is recognized as a 

 prime factor in Dominion expansion, and to 

 effect this warrants the nation's utmost en- 

 deavors. Canada has already surprised the 

 world with both the quality and quantity of her 

 agricultural products, and this in some little 

 measure is due to the system of experimental 

 farms at all times at the farmer's service. 



Success in Mixed Farming 



In certain sections of the Canadian West, 

 there still exist large ranches with wide sweeping 

 vistas of prairie range thickly dotted with 

 browsing cattle. In other areas, waving grain 

 fields stretch from the observer to the horizon, 

 with scarcely an animal to be seen as far as the 

 eye can reach. But there is an infinitely greater 

 number of localities where these two agricultural 

 systems combine on a lesser scale to make for 

 greater farming security, where the fanner, 

 besides his land under cultivation, has his herd 

 of dairy or beef cattle and other side lines of 

 agriculture which combine to make a sure and 

 healthy annual farm revenue. 



John W. Lucas, of Cayley, Alberta, the 

 grand champion winner for oats and other prizes 



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