ment being $48,801,000 of which about $35,- 

 000,000 was in manufacturing plants. Just how 

 far Ontario has monopolized the industry is 

 seen from the fact that the investment in all 

 other provinces amounts to no more than $8,- 

 000,000. That of Saskatchewan came next 

 with $1,813,002. 



The number of employees engaged in the 

 industry was 12,139 of whom more than one 

 half were employed in automobile plants. In 

 the year under review they were paid in wages 

 and salaries the sum of $15,389,000. The 

 materials used in Canadian plants were valued 

 at $61,279,000, no less than $51,690,715 having 

 been in the manufacture of automobiles. The 

 selling value of the products at the works was 

 $101,196,000 and the number of cars turned out 

 being somewhat over 68,000, there being 21,000 

 other machines produced. 



Export Trade Rapidly Growing. 



In the export of automobiles and their 

 parts, Canada is doing a large and growing 

 trade. Whereas in 1915 these exports were 

 valued at only $3,054,000 by 1916 they had 

 grown to $9,431,000; and in the year ending 

 March 31st, 1921, the surprising increase to 

 $19,628,000 had been made. Australia and New 

 Zealand are the best markets Canada has for 

 cars, whilst the United Kingdom, India, South 

 Africa and the Dutch East Indies also take a 

 goodly number. The United States absorbs a 

 considerable quantity of parts the value of 

 these during the fiscal year 1919-20 amounting 

 in value to $282,000. Altogether 21,128 cars 

 were exported in the fiscal year ending March 

 1921 as compared with 12,750 in the previous 

 year. The large increase in exports in the past 

 fiscal year is to an extent explained by the 

 coming into effect of the British preferential 

 tariff at the end of 1919 which grants a prefer- 

 ence of one-third provided that not less than 

 twenty-five per cent of the labor on the finish- 

 ed car shall have been done within the British 

 Empire. 



Windsor Great Manufacturing Centre. 



The Ontario automobile sector, a throbbing 

 hive of industrial activity, which is responsible 

 for practically the entire output, centres in 

 Windsor and its surrounding communities of 

 Walkerville, Ford City, Oshawa, and Toronto, 

 whilst London, Chatham, Kitchener, Hamil- 

 ton and Brockville are also heavily interested 

 in the manufacture. Amongst the cars manu- 

 factured are the Ford, Maxwell, Studebaker, 

 McLaughlin, Chevrolet, Oldsmobile, Willys- 

 Overland and the Gray-Dort. 



The automobile industry in Canada is an 

 expanding one and one which must of necess- 

 ity grow to meet the increased demands of the 

 domestic and export markets. Just how the 



former is extending can be realized from the 

 fact that in whilst in Canada in 1919 there was 

 a car to every twenty-five persons there was 

 one to each eighteen in 1920. The increasing 

 favor which Canada's automobile products are 

 regarded in foreign countries is marked. Can- 

 adian firm:-: engaged in manufacture are con- 

 tinually be ; ng added to by new incorporations 

 and the establishment of United States and 

 British houses. At the time of writing arrang- 

 ments are said to be completed for the form- 

 ation of an automobile manufacturing com- 

 pany with a capital of ten million dollars to be 

 established by United States interests at Mon- 

 treal. 



Fur Farming Industry 



Fur farming is one of the most re- 

 cent of Canadian industries but one 

 which has developed rapidly and assumed 

 proportions of national importance in a 

 short space of time. An investigation 

 conducted in 1912 revealed numerous 

 were being held in captivity . for their fur. 

 Foxes of two species and of all color varieties 

 skunk, mink, racoon, fisher, beaver, muskrat, 

 marten and otter were found upon farms dom- 

 esticated for their pelts. Since this time the 

 activities have developed into a staple industry. 

 Originating 1 and spreading widely in the 

 Maritime Provinces it has quickly come to 

 embrace in its scope all of the provinces of the 

 Dominion. 



In 1919 the status of the industry was con- 

 sidered to be of such proportions as to warrant 

 government survey which was accordingly 

 carried out by the Dominion Bureau of Statis- 

 tics. It was discovered that fur farming was 

 worth to the Dominion a total of $3,968,591 

 that year, there being altogether 414 fox farms 

 in operation including 249 in Prince Edward 

 Island, 48 in Nova Scotia, 21 in New Bruns- 

 wick, 52 in Quebec, 10 in Ontario, 1 in Manito- 

 ba, I in Saskatchewan, 11 in Alberta, 8 in 

 British Columbia, and 13 in the Yukon as well 

 as 3 mink farms in Nova Scotia and 2 racxm 

 farms in Quebec. There were 6,433 foxes on 

 these farms worth $3,013,115 and during the 

 year vnder review 2,028 silver fox pelts to the 

 value of $482,364 were sold. 



The high prices for furs which have pre- 

 vailed during recent years explain why fur 

 farming has made such rapid progress in such 

 a short span. An analysis of the reasons of 

 this rising cost will explain why encourage- 

 ment is given to extending domestic farming 

 establishments at the present time and why it 

 will remain a profitable industry to the farmer 

 with prices maintaining a high level beyond 

 temporary market fluctuations. 



149 



