

Anglo -Persian Oil Company, in which it 

 owns a controlling interest. This organization 

 has entered on operations in an aggressive 

 manner, making a practical test of the shales, 

 their campaign being an elaborate one designed 

 to cover several years. Upwards of $6,000,000 

 has been allocated by the company for the 

 purpose of New Brunswick development. 



Progress Slow But Sure 



At the outset progress is being made in a 

 slow and sure manner. A retorting plant has 

 been erected at Baltimore which has a daily 

 capacity of eight tons. The material as taken 

 from the surface workings is crushed to egg 

 size and great satisfaction has been expressed 

 with the results to date, the average yield 

 being 32.7 Imperial gallons of crude oil per 

 , ton of shale. Some idea of the extent of the 

 projected operations of the company and the 

 volume of the shale deposits may be gathered 

 from a statement that later the erection of a 

 5,000 ton plant is projected which at the 

 average yield noted above should produce 

 about 60,000,000 gallons per annum from the 

 deposits. An authority declares that there is 

 enough shales in the series to supply five plants 

 of 1,500 ton capacity each for fifty years. 



During the present year experiments have 

 been carried on with the Nova Scotia shale 

 deposits in Pennsylvania. The shale was 

 shipped in carload lots and worked under the 

 supervision of the owner of the properties 

 and heads of the Dominion Government Fuel 

 Testing division and Mines Branch. The type 

 of retort used had a capacity of from fifty to 

 one hundred tons per day and can be brought 

 up to three hundred or more tons per day for 

 single retorts. With access to the Atlantic 

 and Gulf of St. Lawrence direct from the 

 works, transportation for the oil extract and 

 by-products is ideal. 



The Anglo-Persian Oil Company has de- 

 clared its intention in the building of plants, 

 erection of machinery, etc., to utilize as far 

 as possible the products of the Maritime 

 provinces. The development in Nova Scotia 

 must also have a local benefit industrially. 

 This taken with allied activities and the ex- 

 port of products should make the entry of 

 these companies in the field a reason for yet 

 greater faith in the future of the Canadian 

 Mari times. 



Fish Culture in 1920 



In the waters off both her coasts, the inland 

 lakes, her innumerable rivers and lesser water- 

 courses Canada has the most extensive fishing 

 grounds in the world, and she is deeply appre- 



ciative of the fact in her endeavors to maintain 

 them in their fruition and prolificness by means 

 of an efficient and comprehensive system of 

 fish culture. Through the work of a branch 

 of the Department of Fisheries and Marine 

 the much fished waters of the Dominion are 

 carefully guarded against any depletion of stock 

 from the toll exacted by sportsmen, tourists, 

 and commercial fishermen. Hatcheries are 

 maintained for reproduction and a systematic 

 examination of all waters and distribution of 

 fry and young fish undertaken. 



Fish cultural operations in 1920 were 

 confined almost entirely to the more important 

 commercial food fishes, such as Atlantic salmon 

 in the east, whitefish, cisco, salmon trout and 

 pickerel in the interior, and the Pacific salmon 

 in the West. A large part of the whitefish, 

 cisco, salmon trout and pickerel eggs were 

 obtained from the commercial catch, the de- 

 partment being largely dependant upon the 

 co-operation rendered by, and the success of, the 

 fishermen for such eggs. 



The work of the year 1920 comprised the 

 distribution of 910,000 green eggs, 6,394,000 

 eyed eggs, 733,627,714 fry, 6,622,425 advanced 

 fry, 2,830,001 fingerlings, 1,750 yearlings and 

 older fish, or resulted in replenishing the waters 

 of Canada with the equivalent of 759,386,790 

 additional fish. There are now throughout the 

 Dominion a total of forty-one hatcheries en- 

 gaged in the work of the department. 



Long Past the Experimental Stage 



Fish culture in Canada is long past the 

 experimental stage and its success in maintain- 

 ing and replenishing the fisheries is beyond 

 question. Its excellent effects are apparent 

 on all sides. Very few salmon were seen in 

 Prince Edward Island streams before the 

 establishment of a hatchery, but now as a 

 result of distribution the waters practically 

 teem with this fish. The Petitcodiac river, 

 New Brunswick, after virtual depletion has 

 carried a good run of salmon for several years 

 past. Systematic stocking achieved the same 

 results on the Nashwaak river in the same 

 province. 



Salmon are reported to be getting more 

 plentiful in Nova Scotia despite the heavy 

 fishing, and remarkable results have followed the 

 distribution of speckled trout from the pro- 

 vincial hatcheries. The whitefish fishery of Lake 

 Erie has recovered from a state approaching 

 depletion, Lake Winnipeg records bigger catches 

 than ever, and trout and whitefish have been 

 successfully introduced into British Columbia 

 waters. Instances proving the undoubted suc- 

 cess of Canadian fish culture might be conti- 

 nued ad infinitum. 



