Agrtntltural $t 3noantrial JlrnnrrcB in (Canada 

 Published Monthly. Free on request. 



It will be appreciated by the Department if editors and 

 writer $ using matter from this Bulletin will quote source. 



Norman S. Rankin, Editor of Publications. 

 E. L. Chicanot, Asst. Editor. 



General Agricultural Situation 



By J. Dougall, General Agricultural Agent, 

 C. P. R. Montreal, 



Conditions throughout the Dominion have 

 been good during the month of. October. There 

 has been more moisture this Autumn than for 

 many years, especially in the West. The 

 grades of grain have been reduced in many 

 districts, and farmers will receive much less 

 for their 1921 crop than they had anticipated. 



Root crops have materially increased from 

 the early estimates. The prairie provinces are 

 offering potatoes in quantities at low figures, 

 and Ontario is now assured of a considerable 

 surplus. 



Pastures all over the Dominion are in excel- 

 lent condition and consequently the yield of 

 dairy products is on the upward trend Quebec 

 especially will have increase in cheese and : butter. 



Brit ish Columbia. The apple market has been better 

 and the associations are shipping freely. Prices are saggy 

 on account of export uncertainty. 



Alberta. Threshing may be said to be complete. 

 Grain yields are on the average. The drop in grain prices 

 is causing farmers some anxiety. Fall plowing is making 

 good progress and the ground is in good shape, fifty per 

 cent of the workjbeing\complete. 



Saskatchewan. Threshing is completed. Some loss 

 in grades on account of wet weather is experienced and 

 threshing top soon after rain is accountable for other loss. 

 The decline in prices is causing farmers some anxiety. Fall 

 plowing is 50% completed and indications are for an increase 

 in acreage over last year. 



Manitoba. Threshing is complete and fall plowing 

 seventy per cent completed. Indications are that the spring 

 acreage will exceed that of last year. 



Ontario. Good progress is being made with the fall 

 work. The potato crop is turning out much better than 

 had been anticipated, and this with the offerings from the 

 North West is causing the market to^drop. In fact at the 

 moment there is a glut. 



Quebec. Farm work is progressing well. At the time 

 of writing rains are constant. Pastures are in excellent 

 condition. 



_ New Brunswick. Potatoes going forward in large 

 shipments to Eastern American points and the West Indies. 



Nova Scotia. Little export trade for apples. "Con- 

 siderable shipments to Quebec and^Ontario points. These 

 are of lower grades and for immediate use. Export business 

 poor. 



Livestock. Prices are, if anything, worse than a month 

 ago. Farmers are holding whenever possible and canners 

 and poor stock hardly pay to^market. Owing to the flood- 

 ing of the market at Birkenhead with unusually heavy Irish 

 shipments, Canadian cattle could not compete and the 

 export trade had a difficult time. 



Butter and cheese markets are bright for producers. 

 Though the market declined early in October it picked up 

 latterly and prices just now are good, with the market 

 taking all offerings. 



Rye in Canada 



In a well substantiated conviction of the 

 suitability of a large part of the Southern area 

 of the Prairie Provinces to the growth of this 

 crop, and in a realization of the opening for ex- 

 poi t offered by the temporary halt to much agri- 

 cultural activity in continental countries, result- 

 ing through war conditions in a substantial de- 

 cline in production, Canadian farmers have, of 

 recent years, been greatly encouraged to grow 

 more rye, the advantages of such culture placed 

 before them through systematic campaigns, and 

 every effort exerted to impart a stimulus to Cana- 

 dian rye production. As a result of this prop- 

 aganda the production of this cereal in the past 

 five years has increased more than five hundred 

 per cent and the value of the annual crop grown 

 from less than two million dollars to more than 

 fifteen millions. It has been estimated that 

 Southern Alberta and Western Saskatchewan 

 alone have seeded this year about 850,000 acres 

 as compared with 350,000 acres last year, an 

 increase of about 185 per cent for one year. 



In 1915 the production of rye in Canada was 

 2,486,200 bushels, obtained from an exception- 

 ally heavy average yield of 20.43 bushels to the 

 acre. The value of the marketed crop that year 

 reached $1,921,200. Little increase was regis- 

 tered in 1916 or 1917, as the average productions 

 were somewhat lower than in the bumper year 

 preceding them. A tremendous jump was, how- 

 ever, noted in 1918, when a yield of 8,504,400 was 

 recorded with a value of $12,728,600, more than 

 doubling that of the previous year. A further 

 increase to 10,207,400 bushels was noted in 1919 

 with a value of $14,240,000. In 1920, 649,654 

 acres were planted to rye in Canada, yielding an 

 average of 17.50 bushels to the acre, making a 

 total of 11,306,400 bushels valued at $15,085,650. 

 This year according to estimate, the Dominion 

 is expected to produce a rye harvest of 1 1,707,400 

 bushels, whilst as a result of special campaign 

 efforts this summer a vastly increased acreage 

 has been prepared for planting to rye next year. 



A Survey of the Situation 



It is a fact worthy of notice here that in 

 making a survey of the rye situation in Canada 

 it is found that the Dominion has each year 

 maintained a substantial lead in acreage pro- 

 duction over that attained by the United States. 

 There is no exception to this in the past six farm- 

 ing seasons, and the average acre rye production 

 for the six years 1915 to 1920 gives Canada a 

 yield of 17.40 bushels against the United States 

 14.54, a lead in Canada's favor of 2.86 bushels. 



Alberta is Canada's first rye producing prov- 

 ince, this famous area of the mixed farm account- 

 ing last year for $4,275,000 out of the total Dom- 

 inion revenue of $15,085,650 from this crop. 

 Saskatchewan followed not far behind with $3,- 

 194,000 and Ontario had practically the same 



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