island and leading all the Canadian provinces in 

 the industry. Quebec was next in importance 

 with 79 fur farms, followed by the two Maritime 

 Provinces, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, with 

 57 and 55 respectively. Ontario had 41 ; Alberta, 

 15; the Yukon, 14; British Columbia, 11; and 

 Manitoba and Saskatchewan, 2 each. Every 

 province in Canada without exception, shows a 

 substantial increase in the number of ranches and 

 the number and value of the animals they contain 

 over the previous year, the number of farms 

 having doubled in New Brunswick and quad- 

 rupled in Ontario. 



On the fox fur farms silver foxes numbered 

 13,405, value $4,466,1 17 ; patch foxes 1,103, value 

 $87,735; and red foxes 373, value $11,810. Of the 

 foxes born in captivity, 9,219 were silver; 788 

 patch ; and 305 red. Miscellaneous fur-bearing ani- 

 mals born in captivity numbered 262. The total 

 value of fur-bearing animals sold from the farms 

 in Canada during the year was $745,021, and the 

 value of the pelts sold was $383,835. Taking for 

 each farm the average selling values, live silver 

 foxes ranged from $100 to $1,100, and silver fox 

 pelts from $75 to $750. 



First Survey of Domestic Industry 



The year 1919 was the first in which a survey 

 . of the domestic fur industry was conducted, and 

 the expansion which has been noted in the ensu- 

 ing year is an indication of the great opportunity 

 awaiting in this line of activity. With a past 

 history which is largely that of the fur industry, 

 Canada has an unassailable reputation for all 

 that is best and richest in peltry, a fame which 

 has largely contributed to building up so speedily 

 and substantially a Canadian national fur market. 

 Canada's most notable progress is in agriculture, 

 and in the expansion of settlement the haunts of 

 the creatures of the wild are brought under the 

 plough. The only remedy is that of domestic 

 ranching, and by every indication this industry 

 faces a very profitable future. 



Across Canada Hamilton 



Among the first industrial centres of Canada 

 is the city of Hamilton, termed the " Birmingham 

 of Canada," sixth among the cities of the Dom- 

 inion in order of population but third in point 

 of manufacturing importance. It has a most 

 ideal civic setting of both beauty and utility. 

 Picturesquely situated on Hamilton Harbour 

 at the Western extremity of Lake Ontario, 

 Hamilton is fairly old as Canadian cities go, 

 being founded i.i 1813 by George Hamilton and 

 settled largely by United Empire Loyalists and 

 those who fought in the War of 1812. Behind 

 the city is the mountain or escarpment which 

 extends from Niagara Falls, forty-two miles to 

 the east. From this, looking over the city 

 below, one obtains a magnificent view of the 

 gorgeous fruit garden of the Niagara district, 



a picture of rare beauty, equalled on few parts 

 of the continent. 



From a commercial point of view the city 

 could not have a better location for business 

 intercourse with both sides of the border. Its 

 facilities of communication both by water and 

 rail are excellent. It is a regular port of call 

 for steamship lines operating between Montreal 

 and the head of Lake Superior. It is on the di- 

 rect line of main railways running from Buffalo 

 and Niagara Falls to Detroit and Port Huron, 

 Buffalo and Niagara Falls to Montreal and De- 

 troit, and Port Huron to Montreal. Seven 

 Canadian and United States railroads give it 

 ready and intimate touch with all parts of the 

 continent and it is the hub of a complete electric 

 railway system for city and suburban travel. 



Essentially a Manufacturing City 



Hamilton is essentially a manufacturing 

 city, possessing the economic conditions required 

 by large industrial concerns for favorable oper- 

 ation. It has a practically unlimited supply of 

 electric energy from large companies economical- 

 ly generating power from Decew Falls, 35 miles, 

 and Niagara Falls, 42 miles distant. Manufactu- 

 ring establishments at the end of 1918 numbered 

 685, employing 30,944 men and paying them in 

 wages and salaries $31,901,388. These plants 

 were capitalized at $142,336,442, using materials 

 to the value of $114,258,586, and with a produc- 

 tion value for the year of $188,154,995. The 

 city's blast furnaces, steel plants, coke oven 

 plants, plough works, agricultural implement 

 works and wire fence works are amongst the 

 largest in the Empire. Other industries are 

 wood-working machinery, electrical apparatus, 

 washing machines and wringers, hardware, 

 silverware, clothing, hosiery, boots and shoes, 

 furniture, etc. 



The city's area of 7,143 acres is laid out 

 with due respect to beauty and utility, inter- 

 spersed with charming parks and open spaces, 

 whilst handsome and adequate public utilities 

 serve the community's needs. The traveller 

 is accommodated at several up-to-date hotels, 

 and the nearby summer resort of Burlington 

 Beach, of great natural beauty, serves the 

 holiday maker. The market square is celebrated. 

 There are 31 banks, 83 churches, 53 educational 

 establishments, 3 libraries, 5 hospitals and excel- 

 lent play and sport grounds. 



The city of Hamilton has wrought for itself 

 a position in Canadian industrial life which is 

 unassailable. This it steadily maintains through 

 ceaseless advancement, giving promise of great 

 manufacturing fame in the sure progress of the 

 Canadian Dominion. In 1901 its population 

 was but 52,634; in 1911 it was 81,969; by 1919 

 it had increased to 108,143; and the census 

 figures this year will undoubtedly show still 

 further growth. The total assessed value of 

 taxable property in the city is $87,157,890. ^ The 

 third city of Canadian industrial activity, 



231 



