000,000 to about $40,000, because there were no more 

 credits. Germany, however, somewhat increased her 

 purchases during the year. 



The lower level of prices and the reduced demand for 

 many commodities considered as luxuries is also evident in 

 the import figures. During the year ending November 

 30th, imports from the British East Indies were $11,000,- 

 000 below those for the preceding period. Other decreases 

 were: France from $20,480,000 to $13,497,000; Japan from 

 $14,644,000 to $7,889,000; Switzerland, $15,481,000 to 

 $9,530,000. The drop in sugar prices is to be seen in the 

 reduction in the value of imports from the British West 

 Indies by $7,000,000, and in those from Cuba by $19,000,- 

 000. On the other hand, imports from British Guiana 

 jumped from $5,802,000 in 1920 to $11,830,000 in 1921, 

 due probably to the increased preference on sugar. 



While there has been a marked decrease in the value of 

 Canada's external trade during the year, it has not been as 

 great as in the case of the United States; in the export 

 trade especially, Canada has shown up better, and that in 

 spite of the fact that her exports have been very seriously 

 affected by United States tariff legislation. 



Industrial Alberta 



Alberta takes sixth place amongst the prov- 

 inces of Canada in order of industrial importance, 

 which is significant of a creditable development, 

 when it is considered that the Province of Alberta 

 was created only in 1905, and that its progress 

 has been directed almost entirely along agricul- 

 tural lines to which it is exceptionally adapted. 

 The remarkable increase in agricultural pro- 

 duction has however seen a corresponding growth 

 in industrial manufacturing as new plants have 

 sprung up to meet the needs of the farmers. As 

 there remains little doubt but that the future 

 agricultural development of the province will be 

 on at least as substantial a scale as in the past, 

 and that industrial establishment must keep 

 pace with this expansion, there exist in Alberta 

 to-day, industrial opportunities which are both 

 encouraging and inviting. 



When the last census was taken in 1918, 

 Alberta had 1,252 industrial establishments 

 capitalized at $61,405,933 employing 9,894 per- 

 sons with wages and salaries totalling $10,249,465, 

 and accounting for an annual production of $82,- 

 434,422. In the year 1900 the provinces of 

 Saskatchewan and Alberta combined had only 

 105 establishments with $1,689,870 capital, 1,168 

 employees and a production of $1,964,987. The 

 rapid growth of Alberta industry since that time 

 is recorded in the quinquennial census of 1910 

 and 1915. The number of establishments were 

 respectively 97, 290 and 282. The capitalization 

 $5,400,371, $29,518,346 and $41,198,897. The 

 annual production $4,979,932, $18,788,825 and 

 $29,416,221. 



Though Alberta has made such rapid pro- 

 gress in the past in industrial development, she 

 nevertheless remained dependant to a large 

 extent on points outside the province for certain 

 types of manufactured goods, and her larger 

 centres were distributing points for these com- 

 modities. Gradually, however, she is departing 

 from this dependance and becoming more and 

 more self-supporting as her own manufactures 



develop. Possessing the necessities and facili- 

 ties for successful manufacture, this is not a diffi- 

 cult matter, granted that the required capital is 

 made available. 



The Industrial Centres 



; 



ore 

 the 

 md 



The city of Calgary, the commercial capital, 

 has about eighty industrial plants and mon 

 than two hundred wholesale firms. It is t 

 trading centre for an immense agricultural an 

 stock-raising district and the chief supply station 

 for the mining district of the Rockies and Briti 

 Columbia. There is a wide range of opportuni 

 here for the manufacturer wishing to locate, an 

 the city supplies new industries with powe 

 light, heat and industrial sites at cost, and natur; 

 gas at fifteen cents per thousand feet to manu 

 facturers. At the 1917 census, Calgary's in 

 dustries accounted for a capitalization of $27,584, 

 047 and an ouput of $26,342,231, both of which 

 have been substantially increased in the expan- 

 sion which has taken place since that time. 



The same multiplicity of manufacturers and 

 as varied opportunities are to be found in Edmon- 

 ton, the provincial capital, which is a distributing 

 point for the Peace River country and tremendous 

 north land, and is fast becoming also its manu- 

 facturing centre. Edmonton's industrial capital 

 at the 1917 census was $16,401,548 and its output 

 $15,039,392. The city here also sells water, 

 light, and power at cost to new industries and 

 has in addition a large area reserved for indus- 

 trial sites. 



Other two Alberta cities which are making a 

 bid for manufacturing eminence and growing 

 yearly in importance in this regard, are Leth- 

 bridge and Medicine Hat, each the centre of 

 valuable natural deposits as well as rich agricul- 

 tural tracts. The coal, grain, livestock alfalfa, 

 hay and wool exports of Lethbridge account 

 yearly for about sixty-five million dollars. The 

 industrial capitalization of this city in 1917 was 

 $2,697,041, and its output $2,443,986, whilst that 

 of Medicine Hat was $6,824,084 and $11,223,547 

 respectively. 



With continuous settlement and an ever i 

 creasing agricultural population, Alberta 

 need of a proportional industrial expansion t 

 meet its need. Not only has nature provided 

 for this in generously distributing the necessary 

 natural deposits and furnishing water powers and 

 other facilities, but practically all cities and towns 

 offer inducements to manufacturers. There is 

 no question as to the future importance of in- 

 dustry in Alberta; it must inevitably grow with 

 the province's agriculture. 



The Growth of Ontario 



Ontario is one of the oldest established provinces of 

 Canada, and as such has long settled in her ways and is 

 largely free from the sensational booms or meteoric spurts 

 of development which so often beset newer areas. In 

 many respects the most prosperous province of the Domi- 

 nion, its progress is of the most substantial nature as 



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