Anruult nral & Jl niitBtrial JJrnnrrr.a in ((Janata 

 Published Monthly. Free on request. 



It will be appreciated by the Department if editors and 

 writer t mint matter from this Bulletin will quote source. 



Norman S. Rankin, Editor of Publications. 

 E. L. Chicanot, As si. Editor. 



best for themselves and families and to build 

 up prosperity for many lives to come, there 

 would be more settlers upon Western Canada's 

 fertile tracts. As it is, those already there form 

 an enviable band of thinkers and workers to 

 whom posterity will owe much gratitude. 



Canada's Field Crops, 1921 



By J. Dougall, General Agricultural Agent, 

 C.P.R., Montreal 



The aggregate value of all the field crops 

 of Canada in 1921, according to the estimate 

 of the Dominion Bureau of Statistics, is $931,- 

 863,670 as compared with $1,455,244,050 in 

 1920 and $1,537,170,100 in 1919, the highest 

 on record. Canada's wheat crop last season 

 was the largest in her history though its value 

 fell below that of 1919 and 1920, due to the 

 sharp decline in the price of wheat. 



Wheat. The total yield of wheat in Canada for the 

 /ear 1921 is now finally estimated at 300,858,100 bushels 

 from a sown area of 23,261,224 acres, as compared with 

 263,189,300 bushels from 18,232,374 acres in 1920, and 

 with 228,409,780 bushels from 16,967,561 acres, the annual 

 average for the five years 1916-20. 



The total for 1921 consists of 15,520,200 bushels from 

 720,635 harvested acres of fall wheat and of 285,337,900 

 bushels from 22,540,589 sown acres of spring wheat. 

 The average yield per acre for all wheat in Canada is 13 

 bushels for 1921, as against 14J^ bushels in 1920, and 

 13J^ bushels, the five year average. The average yield 

 per acre for fall wheat in 1921 is 21J^ bushels and of 

 spring wheat 12% bushels. 



Oats. The finally estimated total yield in 1921 is 

 426,232,900 bushels from 16,949,029 acres, as compared 

 with 530,709,700 bushels from 15,849,928 acres in 1920, 

 and with 432,926,000 bushels from 13,980,453 acres, the 

 five year average. The average yield per acre is 25 % bush- 

 els in 1921, as against 33^ bushels in 1920 and 31 bushels, 

 the five yeir average. 



Barley. A total yield of 59,709,100 bushels from 

 2,795,665 acres, as compared with 63,310,550 bushels from 

 2,551,919 acres in 1920, and with 58,962,988 bushels from 

 2,509,267 acres, the five year average. The average yields 

 per acre are 21 J4 bushels in 1921, 24% bushels in 1920, and 

 23 J^ bushels, the five year average. 



Flax. Flax seed gives a total of 4,111,800 bushels 

 from 533,147 acres, as compared with 7,997,700 bushels 

 from 1,428,164 acres in 1920, and with 6,744,080 bushels 

 from 1,033,336 acres, the five year average. The yield per 

 acre is 7 % bushels as compared with 5.60 bushels in 1920, 

 and with 6.55 bushels the average. 



Potatoes. The final estimate of the production of 

 potatoes is 107,246,000 bushels from 701,912 acres, as com- 

 pared with 133,831,400 bushels from 784,544 acres in 1920. 

 The yield per acre is 152% bushels for 1921, as against 

 \1QYi bushels in 1920. 



Other Crops. For the remaining crops the total 

 yields for 1921 are in bushels as follows, the corresponding 

 totals for 1920 and for the five year average being given 



within brackets: Rye, 21,455,260 (11,306,400; 7,350,360); 

 peas, 2,769,981 (3,528,100; 3,298,448); beans, 1,089, WO 

 (1,265,300; 1,580,776); buckwheat, 8,230,100 (8,994,700); 

 8,809,280); mixed grains, 22,271,500 (32,420,700; 

 24,535,316); corn for husking, 14,904,000 (14,334,8 

 11,905,040). 



The Prairie Provinces 



The total yield in the three prairie provinc 

 (Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta) are 

 timated as follows: 



Wheat, 286,098,000 bushels from 22,181,329 

 acres, as compared with 234,138,300 bushels from 16,841, 

 174 acres in 1920. 



Oats, 284,147,500 bushels from 10,819,641 acres 

 compared with 314,297,000 bushels from 10,070,476 ac 

 in 1920. 



Barley, 44,681,600 bushels from 2,109,065 acres, 

 compared with 40,760,500 bushels from 1,838,791 ac 

 in 1920. 



Rye, 19,109,700 bushels from 1,688,228 acres as con 

 pared with 8,273,600 bushels from 482,011 acres in 192 



Flax seed, 3,945,700 bushels from 516,972 acres, as 

 compared with 7,588,800 bushels from 1,391,076 acres in 

 1920. 



Canada's Dairy Industry 



Dairying is one of the oldest and has now 

 become one of the most important industries 

 of Canada. The rapid increase it has experienced 

 in recent years with the wide adoption of the 

 manufacture of dairy products in the Western 

 Provinces has been one of the most pronounced 

 features of Canadian agriculture. Creameries 

 have multiplied, production has increased, 

 exports have swelled with the great demand 

 of the products from all countries, and in 1921 

 a Canadian cow, Bella Pontiac, an Ontario 

 Holstein Freisan, set a new world's record in 

 milk production according to official tests. The 

 high standard of Canadian dairy cattle is so 

 recognized that there is a general demand for 

 them in other countries to improve and strengthen 

 local herds. 



Dairying in Canada largely owes its modern 

 development and expansion to the introduc- 

 tion of the factory system for the making of 

 cheese and butter, to the invention of the cen- 

 trifrugal cream separator, and the facilities 

 afforded by improved methods of cold storage. 

 The first Canadian cheese factory was es- 

 tablished in Ontario in 1864 and the first Cana- 

 dian creamery for butter-making in Quebec 

 in 1873. The first centrifrugal cream separator 

 was imported from Denmark in 1882 and the 

 Government organization of cold storage ser- 

 vices dates from 1895. 



Number of Factories Operating 



According to official records the number 

 of dairy factories operating in 1920 was 3,161, 

 comprising 1,045 creameries, 1,683 cheese fac- 

 tories, 405 combined butter and cheese factories 

 and 28 condenseries. The number of patrons 

 of dairy factories was 276,693 and the number 



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