of cows furnishing them milk 1,718,999. The 

 production of creamery butter in 1920 was 111,- 

 691,718 pounds valued at $63,625,203, compared 

 with 103,890,707 pounds valued at $56,371,985 

 in 1919. The average price per pound for the 

 whole of Canada was 56.96 cents in 1920 and 

 54 cents in 1919. All provinces except Mani- 

 toba and Alberta showed increased productions 

 of butter. The quantity of factory cheese 

 produced in 1920 was 149,201,856 pounds, 

 valued at $39,100,872. 



Quebec and Ontario are the leading dairy 

 provinces of Canada, there being but a small 

 margin between the two in the production 

 figures of creamery butter. A remarkable fea- 

 ture is that Alberta, one of the Prairie Prov- 

 inces, which only within recent years has taken 

 :seriously to dairy ing, takes the next place followed 

 Sby Manitoba and Saskatchewan, the other two 

 <of the trio. The three Prairie Provinces in 1920 

 accounted for 23,247,884 pounds out of a Domi- 

 nion production of 98,790,494. 



In the 3,161 dairy factories established 

 throughout the Dominion, there are $33,345,305 

 invested in capital, and these establishments 

 give employment to 11,072 persons receiving 

 annually $8,968,089 in wages and salaries. 

 The total value of all the products of these fac- 

 tories in 1920 was $146,336,491. Patrons of 

 .these factories received the sum of $113,550,718. 



Great Increase in Home Consumption 



In 1868 the quantity of cheese exported from 

 Canada was 6,141,570 pounds and of butter 

 10,649,733 pounds. Exports of cheese for the 

 year ending December, 1920, amounted to 142,- 

 767,545 pounds and of butter 13,361,020 pounds. 

 Cheese in 1904 reached its maximum expor- 

 tation with 233,980,716 pounds, and butter in 

 1903 with 34,128,944 pounds. The decline since 

 that does not represent any falling off in the 

 volume of total dairy production but is due to the 

 greater requirements of home consumption 

 caused by the relative increase of urban popula- 

 tion since the beginning of the present century. 

 This has had the effect, to a considerable extent, 

 of increasing the demand for milk consumed 

 whole and of replacing the manufacture of cheese 

 for export by that of butter sold for home con- 

 sumption. 



Canadian dairy products have secured notable 

 awards at many international competitions and 

 are now consequently in universal demand in 

 many countries some of which are themselves 

 famed in dairying. It is therefore gratifying 

 in the newer Western Provinces where the great- 

 est development in agriculture is taking place, 

 to witness the ever increasing interest taken 

 in this industry and the annually growing 

 volume of its production. 



Lime Fertilizer in New Brunswick 



By 0. C. Hicks, B.S.A., Dept. of Agriculture, 

 Fredericton, N.B. 



The farmers of New Brunswick used during the year 

 just past, ten thousand tons of pulverized limestone to 

 increase the productiveness of their fields. Not a ton 

 remained in the storage bins of the manufacturers of this 

 product at the close of the spring's seeding operations. To 

 what circumstance can be attributed this remarkable popu- 

 larity of pulverized limestone, and the development of a 

 local industry for the utilizing of the most extensive min- 

 eral deposit in the province ? Briefly, it is due to govern- 

 mental agricultural demonstrations and propaganda. 



Until within the past few years, the beneficial effects 

 of liming had been disclosed to our farmers only through 

 the use of the lime compounds, marl, quick-lime, and the 

 refuse of lime-burning kilns, consisting of partly burned 

 lime-rock. Following the introduction by the Govern- 

 ment of a portable lime-pulver in 1915 for demonstrating 

 the production of pulverized limestone, the mass of experi- 

 mental evidence adduced on hundreds of farms of the 

 effects of this mineral to increase soil productivity, dis- 

 closed a means whereby the rich limestone deposits so wide'y 

 distributed over the province might be made a factor for 

 the expansion of agricultural industry and an opportu- 

 nity for capital in developing a local industry. 



Deposits of High Grade Stone 



The province contains great deposits of high grade 

 limestone which lend themselves ideally to grinding. These 

 afford a vast supply of raw material so situated as to be 

 available for economic production of agricultural lime. 

 There are but few counties in New Brunswick which are 

 entirely lacking in limestone formations, although many of 

 the rock strata in the upper St. John River valley counties 

 are not suited to development. In general, limestone which 

 is suited for the making of lime for the trades is also adapted 

 for use in agriculture, and the industry of lime-grinding has 

 attained its greatest development in that district where 

 quick-lime for the trade has been manufactured in greatest 

 quantity, in St. John county, where transportation facili- 

 ties and other details of similar importance have contribu- 

 ted to the working of the extensive lime deposits contigu- 

 ous to Kennebecasis Bay, at Brookville and Torryburn. 

 The limestone of this region is almost entirely high calcium 

 stone, and considered from an agricultural viewpoint it 

 constitutes one of the most valuable resources of the prov- 

 ince. 



Locations of Outcrops of Limestone 



The various limestone formations in the province differ 

 widely in chemical composition. Outcrops of limestone at 

 various localities have been analysed, and the difference in 

 composition may be noted in the stone at the fallowing 

 places: 



Carbonate Carbonate 

 Locality of of 



Lime. Magnesia. 



PETITCODIAC 94 . 1 



SUSSEX 83.45 



ST. CHARLES 98.25 



HOPEWELL 63.23 



FLORENCEVILLE 79.73 3.42 



HARTLAND 90.94 0.41 



PLASTER ROCK 63.60 



HILLSBORO 86.75 1.30 



ELGIN 95.31 1.16 



PETERSVILLE 93.12 0.83 



KESWICK 60.15 



PETIT ROCHER 95 .00 0.90 



ELM TREE 98.00 0.68 



QUEENSTOWN 94 . 00 



NORTHWEST MIRAMICHI 71 .25 



TORRYBURN 93.15 0.74 



BROOKVILLE 96.74 0.30 



