Church of England Society and the Catholic 

 Immigration Society, working under the super- 

 vision of the British and Canadian governments. 

 The work has been in progress now some fifty 

 years. The first organized party arrived at 

 Quebec from Great Britain in 1869 and since then 

 parties of healthy girls and boys have come to 

 Canada every year, with the exception of two 

 years during the war period. In this fifty-two 

 years approximately seventy-three thousand 

 children have come to Canada through agencies 

 approved by both the British and Canadian 

 governments. 



The children, who at the time of entry may 

 be of any age from three to eighteen, are all care- 

 fully selected by the agencies and approved by 

 the regular immigration authorities. They must 

 themselves declare a desire to emigrate, and 

 no child is compelled to do so against his will. 

 They are received in Canada at homes of the 

 various agencies, and from there are sent out to 

 foster parents or to situations on farms pre- 

 viously arranged. They are carefully super- 

 vised in their new homes, which are visited 

 frequently and unexpectedly by government 

 inspectors, and should there be any dissatisfaction 

 on the part of the child, his foster parents or em- 

 ployers, he is sent back to a receiving home until 

 other satisfactory arrangements can be made. 



Many Have Attained Outstanding Success 



Whilst the younger children usually go to 

 foster parents, the older youths and maidens are 

 apprenticed as farm laborers or domestic ser- 

 vants. As is to be expected from such unprom- 

 ising beginnings, these children are largely to 

 be found among the humbler walks of life in Can- 

 ada, though it is significant to note that in the 

 history of the movement there is no record of even 

 one child becoming a public charge. An indi- 

 cation of what a creditable reputation these juve- 

 nile settlers have made in Canada may be taken 

 from the fact that whilst only 33,617 have come 

 to the Dominion in the past ten years, there have 

 been in the same period, 448,289 applications 

 from people anxious to either adopt or employ 

 these wards. 



Fully seventy-five per cent of the boys have 

 remained in agricultural life and many are pros- 

 perous farmers. The girls have,without exception, 

 proved valuable citizens and many have married 

 men prominent in Canadian life. There are 

 several successful clergymen, doctors, lawyers, 

 merchants, school teachers, etc., who made their 

 first appearance in Canada under the auspices 

 of a benevolent society, and it is noteworthy that 

 ten thousand of these former immigrant boys 

 enlisted in the Canadian army, many making 

 the supreme sacrifice and those who survived 

 winning a wide variety of honors, including the 

 V.C. 



In view of the splendid results already 

 achieved, and the thousands of fine citizens 



Canada has added to her population in this 

 manner, it is gratifying to know that the work 

 is still continuing and the Dominion building to 

 that great future she looks to. It is a praise- 

 worthy movement from all aspects, working to 

 mutual benefit, and Canada could have no stur- 

 dier or more loyal citizens in the years to come 

 than the immigrant children of the British Isles 

 who arrive to-day. 



Selling an Empire 



By F. W. Russell, Dept. Natural Resources, C.P.R., 

 Winnipeg, Manitoba 



Enough land to support a nation of men, women and 

 children, to grow millions of bushels of grain, to raise count- 

 less herds of cattle ; enough land to make a good-sized coun- 

 try 28,000,000 acres in all that is what the Canadian Gov- 

 ernment gave to a corporation of a few men, the nucleus of 

 the Canadian Pacific Railway, 40 years ago. Virgin prai- 

 rie and forest primeval it was, at the time of the gift ; except 

 for the trapper and the hunter, a country without human 

 beings, a world of mystery over which the Hudson's Bay 

 Company alone had held sway. Now, thousands of people 

 are taking possession of it, are turning its fields yellow with 

 wheat, are making it famous for its cattle and horses, are 

 covering it with their homes and their hopes. 



The Canadian Government gave the land to this corpo- 

 ration of a few men that it might be made ready for the 

 occupancy of the people of the world; and to describe the 

 way in which this is being accomplished is to tell the story 

 of the most remarkable population movement known to 

 history. 



Statistical statements embodied in the annual reports 

 of the Canadian Pacific Railway include figures relating 

 to the land grants which are not only interesting, as show- 

 ing clearly the development of the country, but are very 

 suggestive of the important nature of the work transacted 

 by the company's land department. It is evident that the 

 administration and disposal of upwards of 28,000,000 acres 

 of land involve considerations that undoubtedly affect the 

 well-being, not only of the shareholders of the road, but 

 also of every man, woman and child whose future is con- 

 cerned with the up-building of Western Canada. 



Company Given Land in 1880 



The original land grant of the company for the con 

 struction of the transcontinental railway from Montreal 

 to the Pacific Ocean was 25,000,000 acres of land fairly fit 

 for settlement, to be selected in a belt 24 miles wide on each 

 side of the main line from Winnipeg to the Rocky Moun- 

 tains. Any deficiency in the area was to be taken from 

 blocks of land outside the main line belt set apart for that 

 purpose. The company's charter covering this agreement 

 was dated 1880, and subsequently the company earned 

 additional lands by the construction of branch lines. 



It is now more than 40 years ago, or, to be exact, on 

 the 21st of Sept., 1881, that the first sale of land was put 

 through the books of the department. From that day to 

 this, the administration of the department shows a record 

 of unremitting endeavor to work out the great problem of 

 the country's future in a way that would ensure the very 

 best results to all concerned. 



The year 1881 was an eventful period in the history of 

 Western Canada, as it was then that the attention of the 

 world was first attracted to the western prairies by the 

 building of the Canadian Pacific. In the real estate boom 

 which specially marked that period there is no doubt that, 

 had the management of the railway company so desired, 

 they might then and there have easily realized large sums 

 of money by disposing of vast areas of their land grant to 

 eager speculators. It is well known, however, that they 

 did nothing of the kind, but, instead, inaugurated the pol- 

 icy which has ever since been maintained, of disposing of 



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