are of so-called foreign parentage, and that, during the 

 War, many of our military units, which gave the name 

 of "Canadian" a new standing throughout the world, 

 contained upon their rolls the names of many so-called 

 foreigners. 



I have indicated where we should go to look for colon- 

 ists that we need, but it is perfectly clear that there is no 

 use in going to look for them unless something more can 

 be done than is at present being done to encourage them 

 to come. We have no definite emigration or colonization 

 policy at present, and, in fact, the enforcement of the 

 existing Immigration Act, and the regulations thereunder, 

 during the past two years has done more to discourage 

 immigration and colonization than to encourage it, and, 

 so far as Great Britain is concerned, has, without doubt, 

 through the medium of our excessive regulations and 

 unwarranted deportations, created the general feeling 

 which now exists in Great Britain that we in Canada 

 have closed the door and do not want British colonists. 



Deportations Have Been Heavy 



We have under our existing law and regulations, 

 a provision for the deportation of colonists who do not come 

 to Canada on a so-called "non-continuous journey." 

 The enforcement of this regulation has resulted in the 

 deportation of many desirable colonists, and, if followed 

 to its logical conclusion, the regulation to-day can be 

 utilized to refuse admission to Canada to any desirable 

 colonist, due to the absurd fact that he did not happen to 

 start on his journey from the country of his nationality 

 and the application of this regulation will be realized 

 by you when I say that of the deported immigrants 

 handled by the Canadian Pacific ships during the last 

 year, 20% were deported on the ground of non-conti- 

 nuous journey, irrespective entirely, apparently, of 

 whether they were the character of colonists we wanted 

 or whether they would have made good citizens. 



It may be taken for granted that, unless our Dominion 

 Government is disposed to give this great problem of 

 colonization the attention which its importance warrants, 

 and make the necessary amendments to the Immigration 

 Law and frame and enforce a system of regulations which 

 will do away with many of the present unwise and unneces- 

 sary restrictions, we cannot hope for any large movement 

 of the colonists that we so urgently need to help in devel- 

 oping our resource*. 



In considering the question of development, I would 

 direct your attention to the fact that Nature has blessed 

 us in Canada with resources of agricultural land, timber, 

 minerals and other things which, potentially, are ample 

 security for our vast National debt, but the possibility 

 of taking care of and discharging that debt is emirely 

 dependent upon our development policy. These resources, 

 undeveloped, are of no value, and, without men and 

 women, cannot be developed. 



Recolonization of Vacant Lands Factor 



I find that, at the present time, a general idea that 

 we should close our doors except to those colonists who 

 come here with the avowed intention of undertaking 

 farming and I admit frankly that, particularly in Western 

 Canada and in certain of our older provinces, recolonization 

 of our unoccupied farms and agricultural development are 

 the main factors in the problem we are discussing. But 

 let me point out the following facts to you. 



Taking the railway traffic of Canada as an indication 

 of wealth resulting from Development, I direct your 

 attention to the fact that, in 1920, the products of mines 

 provided 35% of the railway tonnage, the products of the 

 forests 18%, while agricultural products provided only 

 17%. It is true that these figures indicate the necessity 

 for increasing our agricultural production to ensure that a 

 larger percentage of our railway tonnage will come from 

 that source, but at the same time they serve to point 

 out the existing importance of the extension and further 

 development of the products of our mines and forests, 

 and the important part that that development will play 



in aiding the solution of our railway problem and in adding 

 materially to the general welfare of Canada. 



In conclusion I desire to affirm that the problems I 

 am outlining are non-political, and that a policy for their 

 solution must be developed on broad lines and with the 

 assistance of all interests, and must include, more or less, 

 an open door, and the establishment of a well-considered, 

 thoroughly staffed and well-administered world-wide 

 organization to make our principles known and to ensure 

 that we shall, through the medium of colonization and 

 development, begin now, and carry on for many years, an 

 aggressive and progressive policy for colonization and 

 development, through the medium of men and money, 

 of the natural resources with which Nature has so bounti- 

 fully blessed Canada, and I appeal to you all, not only as 

 members of the Kiwanis Club and other organizations 

 represented at this luncheon, but also to you as citizens, 

 who should realize the obligation of your Canadian citizen- 

 ship in helping to solve these problems, to study them, 

 to take an interest in them, and to do your share in helping 

 to bring about their final solution. 



Canada's Inland Lakes 



A characteristic of Canadian geography is the 

 remarkable number of inland waters and their 

 great diversity of location. Extensive bodies 

 of fresh water are to be found in every province 

 from coast to coast. In settings of scenic gran- 

 deur, and for the main part teeming with edible 

 fish, they constitute a valuable asset to the 

 Dominion from the standpoint of beauty, sport 

 and commerce. Taking only the principal inland 

 waters of Canada, and omitting the smaller 

 bodies which in themselves constitute a fine 

 aggregate, there is a total water acreage of more 

 than one hundred and twenty thousand square 

 miles. Expansive lakes are to be found in all 

 parts. They aggregate 360 square miles in Nova 

 Scotia; 74 square miles in New Brunswick; 

 11,110 square miles in Quebec; 41,188 square 

 miles in Ontario ; 19,894 square miles in Manitoba ; 

 8,329 square miles in Saskatchewan; 2,360 

 square miles in Alberta; 2,439 square miles in 

 British Columbia; 34,521 square miles in the 

 North West Territories; and in the Yukon 649 

 square miles. Lake Superior, with its area oi 

 31,800 square miles, is the largest body of fres 

 water in the world. Lake Mistassini in Quet 

 comprises an area of 975 square miles; Nipigor 

 in Ontario 1,730 square miles; in Manitoba; 

 Lake Winnipeg, 9,457 square miles, Winnipegc 

 sis 2,086 square miles, and Manitoba 1,817 

 square miles; Reindeer Lake in Saskatchewan 

 2,437 square miles, Athabasca in Alberta 2,482 

 square miles. Great Bear Lake in the North 

 West Territories contains 11,821 square miles and 

 Great Slave Lake 10,719 square miles. 



Many Varieties of Fish 



A great variety of fish inhabits these waters, 

 among them being alewives, bass, carp, catfish, 

 eels, maskilonge, herring, perch, pickerel, pike, 

 salmon, trout, shad, smelts, sturgeon, tullibee and 

 whitefish. The toll of these is coming to account 

 for a greater revenue each year, and Canada's 

 freshwater fisheries in 1920 accounted for a 



74 



