West of this line is a considerable area of bald rock, only 

 about 80 per cent, of the area being forested, principally 

 with spruce, birch, and poplar. About 15 per cent, of the 

 spruce is of merchantable size, the largest growth being 

 attained near the creeks and rivers. Between the Matta- 

 gami and Missinaibi rivers the country is fairly well 

 wooded with possibly 65 per cent, spruce, whilst between 

 the Missinaibi and the Albany the country, so far as is 

 known, is largely muskeg sparsely covered with small 

 spruce and jackpme. 



Water-Power Development 



On the principal rivers of the area nearly half a million 

 horse-power is capable of development having regard 

 merely to the more important sites. The only developed 

 water-power site is Smooth Rock Falls on the Mattagami 

 river, where a 9,300 horse-power turbine has been installed 

 by a pulp and paper company. 



Fish and Game 



Whitefish are found in large quantities in James Bay 

 and in many of the lakes. Sturgeon exist in all of the 

 rivers flowing into the bay. Suckers occur in great 

 abundance in all the fresh water and constitute an easily 

 procured food for the Indian and his huskies. Goldeyes 

 are found in some of the upper waters and tullibee in the 

 vicinity of James Bay. Speckled trout extend over the 

 whole western James Bay watershed and capelin along the 

 shores of the west coast. Both pike and pickerel abound 

 in all these northern waters, as do fresh-water ling, whilst 

 some of the lakes contain lake trout. 



Moose are found almost as far north as the bay, but 

 deer only in the southern part of the area. Cariboo range 

 north of the Albany river and throughout the district of 

 Patricia. Fur-bearing animals are still abundant despite 

 the annual toll, bear, fox, lynx, otter, martin, mink, weasel, 

 wolverine, beaver, skunk, muskrat, rabbit being the 

 principal. Ducks and geese are in great abundance around 

 James Bay ; where they breed in thousands. Partridges 

 are found in most of the southern area and ptarmigan 

 farther north. 



Automobile Industry Expands 



The establishment in Canada of United 

 States and other foreign industries and the locat- 

 ing of Canadian branch houses continues with- 

 out cessation as the many advantages Canada 

 offers in the manufacturing trade are brought 

 home to manufacturers. A noticeable feature of 

 this development in industry within the past 

 year has been the expansion effected in the 

 Canadian automobile industry, the number of 

 plants in Canada having been swelled by the 

 location in the Dominion of many United States 

 concerns as well as new Canadian incorporations, 

 and there is every indication that this branch of 

 Canadian industry is destined to attain a higher 

 standing than the important place it already 

 occupies in Canadian economic life. In addition 

 to the attraction, from a business standpoint, 

 of the large annual consumption of cars in 

 Canada, the Dominion extends peculiar advan- 

 tages to the manufacturer for engaging in the 

 export trade, particularly with countries in the 

 British. Empire. 



The automobile plays no insignificant role in 

 all phases of Canadian life, and the Dominion 

 ranks in the second place among the countries of 

 the world in the per capita ownership of cars 



with approximately one car to every eighteen 

 persons. Canada's consumption of automobiles 

 necessitates an annual replacement of eighty 

 thousand cars. The use of cars is on the increase 

 too, especially since they have been introduced in 

 such numbers in the country districts of the 

 newer West, where they have virtually revolu- 

 tionized farm life through the conveniences and 

 diversion made possible. 



Steady Growth Since 1920 



There were in Canada in 1920 seventeen 

 automobile plants in which a capital of $53,966,- 

 506 was invested and which accounted for a 

 production of $101,465,846. A total of 8,281 

 persons, receiving wages totalling $13,331,084, 

 found employment therein. In addition there 

 were sixty-two automobile supply plants capi- 

 talized at $15,332,887, employing 3,092 persons 

 receiving $4,769,996. The value of their pro- 

 duction was $19,361,882. Passenger cars alone 

 produced in Canadian plants in 1920 accounted 

 for $84,500,000, and that year there were 

 throughout the Dominion 5,500 dealers. 



In making an appraisal of the automobile 

 industry in Canada at the present time, account 

 must be taken of a rather remarkable expansion 

 which the industry has experienced within the 

 past year. In addition to new manufacturing 

 and assembling companies at Montreal, Toronto 

 and other places, the General Motors Corpora- 

 tion of New York is now concentrating the 

 manufacture of all export models of automobiles 

 at a Canadian plant at Oshawa, the object in so 

 doing being solely the fact that it believes 

 circumstances are more advantageous there for 

 engagement in the export trade. 



The Ford Motor Company of Canada is 

 commencing the immediate erection of a huge 

 motor plant adjacent to the present factory in 

 Ford City, near Windsor. The new plant will 

 cover approximately 125 acres and will cost in 

 the neighborhood of $6,000,000, extending for 

 2,000 feet along the river front. It is expected 

 that the production of the Canadian Ford will be 

 doubled immediately the new plant starts to 

 operate, and the plans are to turn out 500 cars a 

 day in place of 250 as at present. The entire 

 capacity will permit of an output of 1,000 cars 

 per day as soon as the state of the market 

 warrants this. 



British Car to Compete 



Indications are that British car manufacturers 

 are likewise beginning to become interested in 

 the Dominion as a locale for manufacturing and 

 engaging in the export trade, and that some 

 expansion in the Canadian industry may be 

 expected through the action of English firms 

 establishing plants here. Whereas the capital 

 invested in the automobile industry in Canada 

 has hitherto been almost purely United States, 



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