Utilizing Grain Screenings 



Last winter saw an innovation in the feeding 

 and fattening of livestock which, judged by the 

 successful results of the initial venture, may 

 constitute a new industry of important propor- 

 tions and have considerable bearing on the 

 problem of winter feeding of range animals in 

 the Canadian West. This is the utilization of 

 grain screenings and cleanings at elevators, 

 which previously had no economic value and 

 were considered in elevator operations as waste 

 products, but which have now been proved to 

 contain valuable food properties. Not only 

 does this mean considerable to Canadian live- 

 stock interests, to whom winter feeding is the 

 most pressing and expensive problem, but it 

 should result in a vastly enhanced prestige to 

 terminal elevator ports by adding to them a 

 new industry of very elastic possibilities. 



Last winter R. C. Harvey, of Lethbridge, in 

 Southern Alberta, stated to be the largest indivi- 

 dual sheep rancher in Canada, leased a large 

 warehouse on the Kaministiquia river at Fort 

 William, Ontario, and early in November 

 brought ten thousand sheep from his Alberta 

 ranges to the lake port. All winter they were 

 fed on screenings from the various elevators, 

 procured for next to nothing. This was merely 

 an experiment in feeding, but proved in all 

 respects a complete success. The animals thrived 

 and gained steadily in weight, being marketed 

 in the spring at good prices at Toronto and 

 Buffalo. 



According to announcement, Mr. Harvey 

 will this winter continue this method of feeding 

 on a much more extensive scale, and plans to 

 bring some fifty thousand sheep from his Alberta 

 ranches to the Fort William elevators before the 

 snow has enforced winter feeding in Southern 

 Alberta. His experiment was watched with 

 intense interest last winter by Western ranchers, 

 and others with large flocks of sheep, it is 

 expected, will follow the example he has set and 

 send sheep to various terminal elevator points 

 for seasonal feeding. There is likewise a possi- 

 bility this year of the new method of fattening 

 being extended to hogs. 



Building up a Substantial Industry 



The initial success in the utilization of 

 elevator screenings had other results, and drew 

 general attention to the possibilities of building 

 up a substantial industry along these lines. A 

 Vancouver syndicate has been organized to 

 enter the business commercially and finish 

 sheep and hogs on the screenings of Western 

 elevators, and the project has the approval and 

 endorsation of elevator and packing men on the 

 Pacific coast. With the growing importance of 

 Vancouver as a grain shipping point, with a 

 continual enlargement of terminal elevator 

 accommodation, there are great possibilities for 



this method of winter feeding on the British 

 Columbia coast, where the excellency of the 

 winter climate alone would make the region a 

 formidable rival for the business with the lake 

 ports and other terminal points. 



Without any additional expenditure and in 

 the utilization of hitherto wasted products, the 

 new industry should give Canadian terminal 

 elevator points a new importance by adding to 

 their winter activities, which for the main part 

 are at a low ebb with the closing of summer 

 navigation, as well as materially assisting the 

 livestock breeder in what is each year his most 

 crucial problem. The accumulation of grain 

 screenings at these points is tremendous, and 

 these supplies, which have been proven to contain 

 high values, can be obtained very cheaply. 

 Cleanings contain a good deal of nutritious 

 matter as well as a percentage of weeds which 

 make good fattening food. To obviate any weed 

 menace through promiscuous scattering, it is 

 planned to centralize flocks in feeding centres 

 where every precaution can be taken. 



There are scarcely any limits to the industry 

 foreshadowed. It should proceed in importance 

 apace with Canadian grain production and 

 terminal elevator accommodation. Both are 

 increasing rapidly. The American tariff sending 

 a much greater volume of Canadian grain exports 

 to Canadian ports has created a 'most urgent 

 need for additional terminal accommodation, 

 which the active construction operations of the 

 summer have endeavored to more adequately 

 meet at Montreal, Vancouver and the lake ports. 

 With the developments of Canadian ports under 

 way at the present time and the greater storage 

 space assured, Canadian outlets will handle 

 Canadian grain to an ever-increasing extent in 

 the future, ensuring a large supply of this 

 hitherto wasted food product. 



The Imperialism of Canada 



By Sir R. Burton Chadwick, M.P. 



I have been in Canada for a short, ^all too 

 short month, and every day of that month 

 the question has been put to me "What do 

 you think of Canada?" 



Well, I am now sailing away on the Empress 

 of Scotland, and perhaps some of the many 

 friends who have been so good to me may be 

 interested in my reply to the above question. 



I am too old a traveller to be lured into the 

 belief that after a few weeks' sojourn in some 

 place of interest an eager public awaits an 

 account of one's experiences. Less experienced, 

 I might fall, as so many have fallen, to the temp- 

 tation of writing a book, and the world would be 

 enriched and Canada uplifted by something 

 such as "A Jaunt through"- -"Wanderings in" 

 "The Awakening of" or I might even rise 

 to the ponderous dignity of "Canada." 



In my case, the title "When Winter Comes" 



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