intendent of Education, the Principal of the Normal 

 School, one farmer, one manufacturer and one business 

 man. The Hon. Fred Magee is the present chairman. 

 Local vocational committees must include an employer of 

 labor, an employee and a housekeeper. Thus, both in the 

 central and local administration the fields to be served arc 

 directly represented. 



In New Brunswick not more than 15% of the adoles- 

 cents enter upon, and less than 5% complete, a high school 

 course. This means that there is large scope for vocational 

 training among teen age boys and girls as well as among 

 adult workers. 



The Vocational Board believes that this training must, 

 for the most part, be made available locally so that the 

 young people may not have to leave their homes to procure 

 it. Establishment of full-time day courses for adolescents 

 up to the age of 16, followed by part-time co-operative 

 classes from 16 to 18, is encouraged. This scheme supplies 

 the pupil with a broad basis of general knowledge and an 

 opportunity to make wise choice among the occupations. 

 The part-time classes organized in co-operation with the 

 employers, providing alternate periods for work and study, 

 ensure a vital connection between industry and the school 

 and make the latter truly practical. 



Such a service requires either separate vocational 

 schools or special departments added to existing high 

 schools. Each school or department offers training 

 definitely related to the work of the community that 

 supports it, and a generous share of the courses is devoted 

 to citizenship subjects such as history, civics, economics, 

 health, etc. 



Illustration of Policy 



A few examples will illustrate how this policy is actually 

 working out: 



Carleton County is a community in which agriculture 

 predominates. The towns are all small and it would be 

 dfficult for any of them to support a vocational school 

 alone. Such a school was therefore established for the 

 whole county and is open to all the people between 14 and 

 25 years of age. Commercial home economics and 

 agricultural courses are offered. The school has forging, 

 motor mechanics and woodworking shops. Students 

 ive much time to mechanics, carpentry, farm power, etc. 

 t is hoped that the other counties may soon establish 

 similar institutions, and thus extend vocational training 

 opportunities generally throughout the rural sections. 



During 1921 Fredericton made a survey to discover its 

 vocational education needs. This was the first survey of 

 the kind to be made east of Ontario. It revealed a basis 

 for day classes in home economics, commercial and general 

 industrial subjects. The industries, with the exception of 

 leather and lumber, were found to be small and varied and 

 it was suggested they would best be served by day in- 

 struction of a general nature and by evening schools. No 

 basis for a unit trade school was shown to exist. 



In Fredericton almost as many people were found to be 

 employed in commercial pursuits as in all the industrial 

 jobs combined. A vocational commercial department was 

 therefore established in the High School. The school 

 board is now considering the erection of a new building to 

 house all secondary grade educational work for the city 

 including the industrial and home economics courses 

 recommended by the survey committee. 



The commercial course now in operation is of three 

 years' duration. Approximately half the time is devoted to 

 technical subjects and the balance to English, French, 

 history, health and other general education branches. A 

 high standard is being set which will doubtless be followed 

 by many other towns of the province in the near future. 



An Educational Survey 



Edmundston also made an educational survey in 1921, 

 and already a fine composite high school is under con- 

 struction. Railroading and the lumber and pulp business 

 constitute the leading industries here. An entire wing of 

 the new school will be devoted to vocational education, 



g 

 I 



providing machine shops for both ircn and wood working, 

 chemical, physical, and home economics laboratories, 

 commercial and other class-rooms. Every facility is being 

 provided to train pulp-mill workers. It is felt that there is 

 a big future for this business and for paper making in 

 New Brunswick, and no effort will be spared by the 

 Vocational Board to train workers to assist in their develop- 

 ment. Edmundston's example will doubtless encourage 

 Bathurst, St. George, and other pulp-mill towns to offer 

 their workers the advantage of scientific training. 



The above illustrations show the lines along which 

 New Brunswick is moving. At the start much of the 

 work is of necessity elementary or pre- vocational, but more 

 advanced industrial training is also being developed. 



Milltown, Marysville, Newcastle and other towns are 

 taking active steps to provide vocational education facili- 

 ties of appropriate kind. 



St. John and Moncton, the largest centres in New 

 Brunswick, have not yet availed themselves of the benefits 

 of the Vocational Act to any great extent. The matter is 

 under advisement in these places, however, and the outlook 

 is that vocational training opportunities of some type will 

 be fairly well distributed over the province within the next 

 few years. When this is done and when the compulsory 

 school age is raised to 16 years, we shall have a fair chance 

 to train each boy and girl for citizenship and efficiency in 

 some job. 



In addition to providing for high school age boys and 

 girls, vocational evening classes for adult workers are in 

 operation in about a score of localities in the province. 

 The programmes vary according to the industrial needs of 

 the communities, and the subjects taught include the fol- 

 lowing: dressmaking, plain sewing, millinery, domestic 

 science, preparatory commercial arithmetic, applied 

 mathematics, bookkeeping, stenography, typewriting, blue 

 print reading, elementary mechanical drawing, architectural 

 drawing, lettering, show-card writing, industrial stitching, 

 estimating, industrial chemistry, lumber surveying, 

 motor mechanics and electricity. 



A School for Fishermen 



Fishing forms the basis of an important industry in 

 New Brunswick, and one which is doubtless capable of 

 considerable development through the application of skill 

 and science. Gas engines have transformed the fisher- 

 man's job in the last few years. Short courses in the 

 rinciples, care and repair of these were given during ther 

 past year in forty communities by an itinerant instructop 

 who went from place to place carrying his teaching kit 

 with him. 



The garage business is a large and growing one requiring 

 special knowledge and skill. A course in battery and 

 ignition work for garage mechanics was carried on by the 

 Provincial Vocational Board at Fredericton during the 

 past winter, as a beginning in this field. Further courses 

 will be provided. 



The matters of developing an instruction by cor- 

 respondence service and a technical institute for the 

 province are being considered by the Vocational Education 

 Board. A technical institute offering courses in such 

 subjects as: steam engineering, motor mechanics, welding, 

 electricity, surveying, navigation, accountancy, design, 

 materials, etc., etc., would be of much service to the 

 industry of the province. It would also greatly help in 

 the problem of training competent vocational teachers. 

 The lack of such teachers is now the greatest hindrance to 

 the development of vocational education. In this con- 

 nection the Vocational Board holds an annual summer 

 school for the professional training of selected teachers and 

 trades people. The board also pays travel and tuition 

 expenses of approved individuals who desire to take 

 courses of one year abroad to prepare for teaching in 

 New Brunswick, but a more vigorous teacher training 

 policy is required. 



Financial aid by the Province of New Brunswick for 

 vocational education is given the communities. 



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