tardy of complete eradication. In general 

 Canada's prestige seems to rest rather on the 

 volume of her wheat production than on its 

 quality. The public visions wide-spread agri- 

 cultural lands, reads of an expected yield of 

 388,000,000 bushels of wheat and of the Domin- 

 ion's ascension to second place among the wheat- 

 producing countries of the globe, and is impressed 

 to such an extent with the vast figures of output 

 that facts of quality become largely enshadowed. 



Recently a Canadian member resigned from 

 the committee of the British Empire Exhibition 

 in London, Eng., as a protest, amongst other 

 things, against that body's obstinate conviction 

 that Canada could not, from her own flour, 

 make bread sufficiently palata"ble to serve at 

 meals at the Exhibition. At precisely the same 

 time American millers were wincing at the newly 

 enacted American tariff because they knew it 

 was imperative for them to continue their 

 purchases of Canadian wheat to keep up the 

 standard of American flour, and British millers, 

 rather the best judges of wheat in the United 

 Kingdom, were sending their plaints across the 

 Atlantic that American shippers had been 

 tampering with Canadian wheat passing through 

 their hands and mixing American grain with it 

 with the object of passing their product off as the 

 Canadian wheat so desirable to British millers. 



There is great significance in the fact 

 that in acreage production Canada outyields 

 other countries engaging in grain production on 

 the same extensive scale, and that the first 

 returns of the Western wheat crop record over 

 70 per cent, as grading Number One Northern. 

 There is a reason why the world's wheat cham- 

 pionship as far back as 1893, went to a plot of 

 land within the shadow of the Arctic circle; why 

 for ten years successively the world's first wheat 

 honors went to various sections of Western 

 Canada; why in the world competition in 1921 

 Canada secured twenty-two of the twenty-five 

 prizes offered for wheat. Only the Canadian 

 climate and Canadian soil working in conjunction 

 could have produced a Seager Wheeler, to 

 capture the world's wheat championship five 

 times and create a world's production record 

 with eighty-two bushels to the acre. 



The Valuable Qualities of Canadian Hard 



Exhaustive scientific tests in both Canada 

 and the United States have proved that Can- 

 adian-grown seed has stronger powers of germ- 

 ination than that grown further south and is 

 more desirable in many ways. American 

 farmers discovered this for themselves and com- 

 menced importing Canadian grains many years 

 ago. The peculiarly hard qualities of the Can- 

 adian-grown wheat are appreciated in the milling 

 industry, and each year large quantities of 

 Canadian wheat are purchased by United 

 States millers to mix with the native grain and 



raise the standard of their flour. Canada has 

 taken American oats, barley and alfalfa, and 

 has so improved them that her climate has 

 vanquished American growers in competition 

 and brought about an extensive importation of 

 the seed. The wheat crop of Seager Wheeler 

 sells for thirty dollars a bushel. 



There can be no doubt but that Canadian 

 wheat has materially benefited agriculture in 

 many countries. In 1921 Canada lost the 

 world's wheat championship after holding it ten 

 years, but this triumph for the United States was 

 only effected through the use of Canadian-pro- 

 duced seed which the Montana farmer, the new 

 champion, had imported. Canadian wheat goes 

 all over the world, but its benefit to agriculture is 

 only incidentally disclosed on occasions when 

 some story trickles back and the Dominion is 

 made aware of what she is doing. 



This thought is raised by a story which has 

 recently come from France relating to Aristide 

 Briand, seven times Premier of the French 

 Republic. Probably as a hobby he bought a 

 farm in Normandy and brought his qualities of 

 astuteness into question, for the farm was 

 notorious as the worst piece of land in the 

 district. The Premier, however, tackled the 

 question in his characteristically aggressive 

 manner, bringing science and expert knowledge 

 to bear upon it. He had the soil analysed and 

 treated, and as a final measure imported wheat 

 from Canada. This fall he added a further 

 triumph to his successful career by carrying 

 away the first wheat prize at the Normandy 

 agricultural fair. It was an achievement for 

 Canadian wheat probably typical of many other 

 countries. 



Canada's Apple Export Industry 



In the year 1921 Canada produced 4,046,813 barrels 

 of commercial apples valued at $29,898,649. The Pro- 

 vince of Nova Scotia accounted for 2,036,065 barrels; 

 British Columbia for 1,057,483 barrels; Ontario for 885,065 

 barrels; Quebec, 35,200 barrels; and New Brunswick, 

 33,000 barrels. This year the Nova Scotia yield is esti- 

 mated at 1,577,000 barrels; that of British Columbia, 

 795,000 barrels; Ontario, 1,151,000 barrels; Quebec, 61,600 

 barrels; and New Brunswick, 41,250 barrels making a 

 total harvest for the Dominion of about 3,625,850 barrels, 

 a slight decrease from the 1921 production, but an increase 

 over that of 1920. Furthermore the crop is stated to be 

 uniformly clean and of good quality. 



Government records show that there has been a 

 substantial increase in apple production in Canada in 

 recent years, and that the culture is experiencing a consis- 

 tent growth. In the year 1901 all orchard and small 

 fruits in Nova Scotia were worth only $1,407,369 in 

 production, in Ontario $7,809,084, in Quebec $2,564,801, 

 in New Brunswick $394,337 and in British Columbia 

 $453,794, making a total value for the Dominion in that 

 year of $12,629,385. By 1911 the value of orchard fruits 

 alone in Nova Scotia had risen to $1,548,855, in New 

 Brunswick to $264,915, in Quebec to $1,189,926, in Ontario 

 to $5,566,870, and in British Columbia to $1,082,481, 

 making the total value in the Dominion of orchard fruits 

 that year $9,653,047. Whilst all the Canadian provinces 

 have exhibited gratifying progress in fruit production the 

 greatly increased volume of the crop at the present time is 

 largely due to the development of apple culture in British 



203 



