Columbia, which was a negligible factor at the beginning 

 of the century, and whose Okanagan Valley alone this 

 year is expected to account for 2,281,000 boxes of high 

 quality fruit. 



Exports in 1922 



Exports of Canadian apples in the fiscal year 1922, 

 which would include the disposal of the 1921 crop, amount- 

 ed to 1,845,955 barrels valued at $8,854,379, as against 

 1,358,499 barrels in the previous year worth $8,299,099, 

 and 873,882 barrels worth $4,242,219 in 1920. The 

 United Kingdom is the principal importer of Canadian 

 apples, taking more than two-thirds of the entire crop. 

 The United States is the next best customer, followed by 

 the following in the order named: Australia, Bermuda, 

 Newfoundland and New Zealand. The rapid growth of 

 the Canadian apple export industry may be judged from 

 the fact that in 1907 total exports amounted to only 

 38,811 barrels; in 1910 to 32,304 barrels; and in 1915 to 

 1,117,336 barrels. 



Canada's apple market lies in the European continent, 

 more especially in the British Isles, to which practically 

 the entire Canadian export trade finds its way at the pres- 

 ent time. Of Nova Scotia's total exports of 1,288,241 

 barrels and 6,494 boxes in 1921, 1,171,827 barrels and the 

 entire box shipments went to various United Kingdom 

 ports. There is a great apple export trade developing on 

 the Pacific coast via the Panama Canal to Europe, and 

 last year 500,000 boxes of apples travelled from Vancouver 

 across the Atlantic by this route. This year shipments 

 are expected to be materially increased, and faith in the 

 permanency of this traffic and its expansion is indicated 

 in the provision on steamers sailing from Vancouver to 

 Europe of refrigerator space for carrying 600,000 boxes of 

 British Columbia apples. A new feature of the Canadian 

 export apple trade to Great Britain may be added this 

 year if the Ontario Government carries out its plan to send 

 shipments of the provincial apples direct to the British 

 markets, following up the success it has achieved with its 

 peach and plum shipments. 



U.S. Canada's Competitor 



With a comparatively small proportion of the land in 

 Canada adapted to apple culture under cultivation, it 

 may be thought that there is not sufficient encouragement 

 to increase apple production in view of the limited extent 

 of the Canadian export market. As a matter of fact, with 

 intelligent development and commercial aggression, the 

 British market would be in a position to absorb a consid- 

 erably greater volume of the Canadian product. Whilst 

 the United Kingdom may be Canada's best apple customer 

 it occupies the same position with regard to the United 

 States. Annual exports from the Republic to the British 

 Isles for the past ten years have averaged 1,099,412 

 barrels per year, or 65.8 per cent of the total annual apple 

 exports of the country. The United States apple export 

 trade is negligible in comparison to its production, but at 

 the present time is occupying the British market in 

 competition with the Canadian product, which meets on 

 a basis of equal tariff. With an increased Canadian 

 production, there is little doubt Canada could secure 

 the entire market, even if it were necessary to give the 

 Dominion product a preferential entry. 



There are gratifying indications of developing interest 

 in apple culture in Canada and there is ample room for 

 such expansion. There are yet unsettled other Okanagan 

 and Annapolis valleys which only the years to come will 

 make known to the world. In New Brunswick, for instance, 

 which has a very small output in comparison with its 

 possibilities, interest in appl; growing is reviving, and the 

 St. John Valley is doubtless destined to take its place 

 with the first apple regions of the continent. In 1921 

 Nova Scotia had the richest year in its history, from the 

 standpoint of the apple industry, and more than $6,000,000 

 was left in the Annapolis Valley by foreign buyers. Even 

 the Prairie Provinces are proving that they can grow 

 excellent fruit, and, according to government authority, 



Manitoba this year has a crop of apples exceeding anything 

 yet achieved there. Soon there will not he a province in 

 Canada but is raising apples sufficient at least for its own 

 consumption. 



Quebec's Better Farming Train 



On its six weeks' tour of the Province of 

 Quebec during the past summer over one 

 hundred thousand people visited the Better 

 Farming Special Train, which was organized 

 by the Provincial Department of Agricul- 

 ture and the Canadian Pacific Railway, with 

 the co-operation of the Federal Department 

 of Agriculture and the Oka and St. Anne 

 de la Pocatiere agricultural schools. The 

 train was formed of fourteen railway cars, 

 which were dedicated to the different phases of 

 agriculture such as live stock, field crops, farm 

 engineering, horticulture, poultry, bee-keeping 

 and sugar-making, and home industries. Great 

 interest was shown by all those who inspected 

 the train, and in all probability this initial 

 venture will become a permanent feature of the 

 educational programme of the provincial govern- 

 ment in future. 



There is, at the present time, a splendid 

 opportunity for farmers of Quebec to engage in 

 the export bacon trade to the United Kingdom, 

 and theCanadianMeat Packers Association has an 

 exhibit on the train of the various types of bacon 

 demanded by the English consumers, as well as 

 those for which there is no demand. Live hogs, 

 both fat and bacon types, were kept in the live- 

 stock section of the train, and an expert in charge 

 carefully explained to all who visited the train 

 the bacon situation in the Old Country and 

 urged the farmers of the province to take a 

 greater interest in this industry. Pure-bred 

 dairy cattle were also on exhibition, while 

 another car was devoted to both the wool 

 and mutton types of sheep. Each afternoon an 

 open-air demonstration was given to the farmer, 

 setting forth the good and bad points of each 

 animal exhibited in respect to their desirability 

 for raising in the Province of Quebec. 



Many Attractive Exhibits 



An attractive display of grains, grasses, 

 cereals, roots and vegetables was exhibited by 

 MacDonald College. The grasses were moun- 

 ted on green baize and hung on the walls of 

 the car, while the grain samples were placed in 

 small glass bottles and artistically arranged on 

 a long counter running the length of the railway 

 coach. A section was also reserved for tobacco 

 culture. This industry has begun to assume 

 large proportions in Quebec, and the farmers are 

 taking a greater interest in the culture of the 

 tobacco plant than ever before. A model 

 tobacco-curing shed, advocated by the Pro- 

 vincial Department of Agriculture for tobacco 

 growers, was on display 



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