at the present time is less than half that of the United 

 States, Saskatchewan produces more wheat each year than 

 any three of the leading wheat-growing states of the Union, 

 and as yet not one-half of her surveyed arable land has 

 been rendered productive. 



A Poultry Province 



The report of the establishment of a large 

 poultry community north of Toronto is in 

 keeping with the aggressive policy inaugurated 

 by the Provincial Department of Agriculture and 

 the Ontario Agricultural College for greater 

 poultry production. This farm, some 500 acres 

 in extent, will be subdivided into 75 poultry 

 plants, each owned independently, but worked 

 on a semi-co-operative basis. Upward of 100,000 

 layers will be accommodated, and it is estimated 

 that 100 cases or more of eggs a day will be 

 produced when the community is fully developed. 

 This product will be graded in accordance with 

 the Government standard, and sold under the 

 community trade mark direct to the consumers. 



It is the intention of the promoters to 

 develop this community along the lines used in 

 establishing the famous "Egg City" of Petaluma, 

 in the state of California. Organized and built 

 entirely on the production of White Leghorns, 

 this city has blossomed out into a model town 

 with all modern civic improvements, and with a 

 population of over 6,000 people. There are 

 more than 6,000,000 hens "in the district, and 

 annually over 400 cars of eggs are shipped 

 therefrom. 



Ontario is the leading poultry province in 

 the Dominion, closely followed by the Western 

 Province of Saskatchewan. During 1921 the 

 number of poultry in the province was 11,458,- 

 206, which compares with 9,554,009 in the 

 Province of Saskatchewan. At the Provincial 

 Winter Fair at Guelph, each December, there is 

 one of the greatest poultry shows on the conti- 

 nent, with an entry list that averages around 

 5,000 birds. In competition with poultry pro- 

 ducers in other parts of the Dominion and the 

 United States, Ontario has held her own, and 

 for many years has been a consistent winner of 

 the principal prizes. 



Active Government Encouragement 



The Provincial Government has not been 

 laggard in promoting interest in poultry raising. 

 Poultry instructors are employed by the pro- 

 vince, who visit all sections, giving lectures and 

 demonstrations on the best breeds, as well as 

 advising farmers regarding markets, etc. Sixty 

 poultry associations have been organized in 

 Ontario for the general advancement of this 

 industry. In addition the Government annually 

 distributes to the rural schools a great many 

 pure-bred eggs for hatching, in an endeavor to 

 foster an interest in poultry raising among the 

 school children. Fifty egg circles have been 

 established for the handling of eggs, which has 



resulted in the poultry raiser securing a better 

 price for his eggs than heretofore. According to 

 the last census there were 100 specialized farms 

 with 500 or more birds. 



There has been some talk lately of estab- 

 lishing at a centrally located point in the pro- 

 vince, a community chick hatchery and brood- 

 ing station. The Provincial Department of 

 Agriculture, which is behind the scheme, claims 

 that the hatching and brooding season comes 

 at a time when the farmer is busy with other 

 work and can ill afford to spare the time to give 

 the birds careful attention, with the result that 

 poultry is neglected and the number of birds 

 materially lessened. It is also claimed that by 

 working on a co-operative basis the cost of 

 hatching would be materially reduced. The 

 farmer, whether he has a great or small number 

 of eggs to hatch, could put them into the com- 

 munity incubator, and the incubating of eggs 

 on a wholesale scale would considerably reduce 

 the individual cost per eggs for hatching. This 

 plan has been tried out with success in Saskat- 

 chewan. 



Canada imports approximately five and a 

 half million dozen eggs per annum, and exports 

 a slightly larger number. There is an active 

 demand for Canadian eggs both at home and 

 abroad, and the market is as yet not fully 

 developed. There is a great opportunity for 

 poultry raising and egg marketing in Ontario, 

 and the manner in which Ontario farmers are 

 taking up this profitable industry as a sideline 

 to agriculture augurs well for the future. 



A Prosperous Year 



Canada's field crops for 1922 are estimated 

 by the Financial Post to be worth approximately 

 $1,119,273,583, as against $908,381,870 in the 

 preceding year, an increase of about $210,000,- 

 000. The various products and their values, 

 with 1921 figures in brackets, are as follows. 

 Wheat $369,334,350 ($242,936,000), oats $234,- 

 510,360 ($146,395,300), barley $40,107,630 

 ($28,254,150), rye $34,721,260 ($15,399,300), 

 flax $10,386,080 ($5,938,400), peas $5,301,000 

 ($5,439,400), beans $2,791,600 ($3,155,800), 

 buckwheat $7,825,000 ($7,285,100), mixed grains 

 $21,178,500 ($13,901,220), corn (husking) $11,- 

 927,200 ($12,317,000), corn (fodder) $34,937,- 

 000 ($44,880,800), potatoes $35,940,100 ($82,- 

 147,600), turnips (roots) $35,550,240 ($26,620,- 

 400), hay and clover $264,265,000 ($267,764,- 

 200), alfalfa $8,714,362 ($13,211,000), and 

 sugar beets $1,722,000 ($1,742,000). 



There was a substantial lowering of prices 

 during the period under review, and a corres- 

 ponding reduction in the scale of wages, with 

 the result that fanning conditions were in a more 

 or less unsettled state. With lower costs of 

 planting, threshing and marketing the margin 

 of profit on the wheat crop should be better 



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