fruit over a wide area and in great variety. Competing; 

 with many countries of the British Empire, Canada carried 

 way 46 awards, consisting of 17 first prizes, 13 seconds, 

 9 thirds and 7 specials. 



The Province of Ontario led the Dominion in obtaining 

 11 firsts, 9 seconds and 1 third. British Columbia won 

 4 firsts, 2 thirds and 2 specials. Nova Scotia secured 2 

 firsts, 3 seconds, 5 thirds and 3 specials. Quebec carried 

 away 1 second and 1 third prize. Nova Scotia's triumph 

 came from an exhibit of 20 boxes of a dessert variety and 

 Quebec's from an exhibit of the same size of a culinary 

 apple. British Columbia's prizes were won with Cox 

 orange pippin and Spitzenberg, the seconds in these classes 

 going to Nova Scotia and Quebec respectively. Nova 

 Scotia won first for Gravensteins and Ontario first for 

 King's. 



Canadian apples have proved their superiority in every 

 exhibition at which they have been entered. Their 

 triumph at the National Apple Exhibition, also at London, 

 England, where they entered into world competition in 

 1921, was even greater. The Province of Ontario won the 

 silver challenge cup awarded to overseas exhibitors with 

 the highest aggregate of points in fourteen classes and four 

 first prizes, five seconds and one third. Nova Scotia won 

 two firsts and a second, British Columbia a second and 

 third, and New Brunswick two firsts and two thirds. In 

 considering the awards secured by Canadian apples one 

 may also harken back to the exhibition of the International 

 Apple Shippers' Association held at Cleveland, United 

 States, in 1913, when the president's cup was awarded to 

 the Province of Ontario, giving it the premier position for 

 apple production on the North American continent. 



Every District Represented but Prairies 



It will be noticed that in the list of high awards every 

 province of Canada is represented with the exception of the 

 three Prairie Provinces. It is not to be concluded that 

 therefore these provinces cannot produce good apples; and 

 whilst it is not suggested that they will ever be able to 

 enter into commercial production, the time seems to be 

 coming when more and more prairie farmers will grow 

 apples on their land for their own needs. 



Whilst the quantity of apples so far produced in 

 Manitoba has not been large compared with the other 

 provinces, more apples have been grown there than in 

 either of the other Prairie Provinces. Large apples have 

 been grown successfully as far north as Dauphin, and the 

 transcendent crab and red or yellow Siberian will thrive 

 much farther north or west than this. Manitoba has 

 taken the lead, partly due to the fact that it has been 

 longer settled and partly to the fact that the climate and 

 soil of Southern Manitoba appear to be better suited for 

 the culture of apples than other parts of the prairies. 

 According to Government experts, as varieties are deve- 

 loped more suitable to the climate there is no doubt but 

 that apples will be grown much more generally in Mani- 

 toba than they are to-day. 



Encouragement through Experimentation in West 



The fact that the small or crab apples can be grown so 

 successfully in the Province of Saskatchewan and that 

 some apples of the very hardy Russian varieties have been 

 matured, leads experts to believe that there will be, in th 

 future, other varieties originated that will succeed more 

 generally. The wooded parts of Northern Saskatchewan, 

 where the natural protection is good, will, it is hoped, 

 yet be found well suited to the culture of the hardiest 

 apples. 



Apples, particularly crabs, have been grown in many 

 sections of Alberta. The best results have been obtained 

 in Southern Alberta, where good apples have been pro- 

 duced. Apples of fine properties have also been grown in 

 the vicinity of Edmonton, where the climate is much 

 moist er. As far as is known, the farthest north that 

 apples have been grown in Canada is at Fort Vermilion 

 in the Peace River Country, nearly 600 miles north of the 

 international boundary, where crab apples have_fruited. 



The Alberta Government has such confidence in making a 

 success of fruit culture that this spring it is setting out 

 large stocks of apple trees as wel! as other fruits in the 

 schools of agriculture. 



The time may not be far off when the three Prairi* 

 Provinces will in addition be growing their own apple 

 supplies and every province of the Dominion be self- 

 supporting in this regard. Meanwhile every section where 

 horticulture has been long established is producing apples 

 which secure premier awards in world competition and 

 which are in demand in many parts of the globe. 



Trade Expanding 



On the top of reports from all sections of the 

 Dominion of brisk industrial activity, with busy 

 mills and factories working, for the main part, 

 at full capacity, comes the trade report for the 

 month of September, completing the returns for 

 the first six months of the fiscal year and dis- 

 closing a gratifying expansion of trade in the 

 right direction and a favorable trade balance. 

 The total Canadian trade for the six months 

 period ending September 30th, 1922, stood at 

 $759,374,880 or $37,664,156 more than in the 

 corresponding period in 1921, when it totalled 

 $721,710,724. In the month of September 

 alone this year Canada's trade totalled $132,252,- 

 691, as against $119, 395,686 in September 1921, 

 an increase of $13,857,005. The volume of 

 trade for the completed year will undoubtedly 

 be considerably in excess of that of last year. 



In a survey of trade figures it is encouraging 

 to note that the expansion in the volume of 

 trade is due to increasing exports, which brought 

 about this increment in spite of reduced imports. 

 The United States tariff has considerably lessened 

 the value of Canadian purchases across the 

 border, whilst the Republic is still compelled to 

 come to the Dominion, to the same extent, for 

 certain commodities for which she is dependant 

 upon that country, such as lumber, pulp and 

 paper, as well as a certain amount of wheat. 

 The United States still imports a greater volume 

 of goods from Canada than from any other 

 country, whilst Canada continues to be the 

 United States' best market. 



Imports Decreasing, Exports Increasing 



During the six months' period under review 

 goods to the value of $363,915,736 were imported 

 into Canada, as compared with $378,815,250 in 

 the same period in 1921, a decrease of $14,899,- 

 514. Exports of domestic goods in the same 

 period totalled $388,233,296, as against $335,- 

 677,131 in the previous year, an increase of 

 $52,556,165. For the month of September 

 alone exports totalled $71,592,628, as against 

 imports of $60,318,410. A favorable trade 

 balance of $11,274,218 compares with an adverse 

 balance of $1,662,305 in September, 1921, and of 

 $20,371,993 in September, 1920. For the six 

 months' period ending September 30th, 1922, 

 there is a favorable trade balance of $24,317,560, 



227 



